The frontal and temporal lobe regions of the brain have a high vulnerability to injury as a consequence of cerebral trauma. One reason for this selective vulnerability is how the frontal and temporal regions are situated in the anterior and cranial fossa of the skull. These concavities of the skull base cup the frontal and temporal lobes which create surface areas of contact between the dura, b...

AIM The paramedian forehead flap (PMFF) has been well described for nasal reconstruction. However, it has never been reported for use in the repair of high flow anterior skull base cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) leaks. MATERIAL AND METHODS The patient is a 55 yo African American male cocaine abuser who initially presented with a high flow anterior skull base CSF leak, extensive pneumocephalus, a...

BACKGROUND The impact of transnasal endoscopic approaches to the central skull is still increasing. Its use in small children (i.e., under the age of 5 years) is of questionable value. PATIENTS AND METHODS The present study is a description of a series of five children under the age of 5 years with lesions of the central skull base. RESULTS Three out of five required a combined external and...

the clivus is the surface of a portion of the occipital and sphenoid bones in the base of the skull. (1)it is surrounded by the neurovascular structures of the brainstem, as well as internal carotid arteries. tumors of the clivus can be benign (chordoma)or malignant (chondrosarcoma).(2) chordomas are rare, aggressive, slow-growing, invasive, and locally destructive tumors that arise from the no...