MUC1 is a heavily glycosylated transmembrane protein localized at the apical surface of polarized epithelial cells. Here we examined the biosynthetic route of newly synthesized MUC1 in polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. Apicallyand basolaterallydestined cargo are sorted at the TGN into distinct vesicles, and proteins with raft-dependent apical targeting signals and glycan-depende...

OBJECTIVE The prognosis of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (APH) has been benign, but apical myocardial injury has prognostic importance. We studied functional, morphological and electrocardiographical abnormalities in patients with APH and with apical aneurysm and sought to find parameters that relate to apical myocardial injury. METHODS STUDY DESIGN a multicentre trans-sectional study...

The aim of this study was to investigate the vertical organization of axons and pyramidal cells in area 18, and to compare it with that in area 17. In area 18 there are regularly spaced vertical bundles of myelinated axons that have an average center-to-center spacing of 21 microns. This arrangement of axons resembles that in area 17. Pyramidal cells in area 18 and their apical dendrites are le...

OBJECTIVES The present study was designed to delineate and compare the clinical characteristics of patients with apical and non-apical takotsubo syndrome in a high-volume U.S. hospital. BACKGROUND A comparison between apical and non-apical variants of the "broken heart," or takotsubo syndrome, has not been performed in the United States. METHODS From 2004 through 2007, patients with takotsu...

The apical delta is an intricate system within the root canal and incompletely debridement may affect the long-term prognosis of root canal therapy. The aim of the present study is to investigate the morphologic features of apical deltas in human teeth with micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) using a centreline-fitting algorithm. One hundred and thirty-six apical deltas were detected in 1400 t...

Apical lumen formation is a key step during epithelial morphogenesis of tubular organs. Appropriate transport and targeting of apical proteins to the apical membrane initiation site (AMIS) plays a crucial role in establishing a solitary, central lumen. FIP5, a Rab11-interacting protein, is an important regulator that directs apical endosome trafficking along microtubules toward the AMIS during ...

Apical constriction changes cell shapes, driving critical morphogenetic events, including gastrulation in diverse organisms and neural tube closure in vertebrates. Apical constriction is thought to be triggered by contraction of apical actomyosin networks. We found that apical actomyosin contractions began before cell shape changes in both Caenorhabitis elegans and Drosophila. In C. elegans, ac...

Apical secretion from epithelial tubes of the Drosophila embryo is mediated by apical F-actin cables generated by the formin-family protein Diaphanous (Dia). Apical localization and activity of Dia are at the core of restricting F-actin formation to the correct membrane domain. Here we identify the mechanisms that target Dia to the apical surface. PI(4,5)P2 levels at the apical membrane regulat...

to evaluate the effect of different light intensities on the degree of conversion (dc) of dual-cured resin cement at different depths of translucent fiber posts.thirty translucent fiber posts were randomly assigned into three (n=10) groups. they were cemented in the simulated canal spaces using duo-link dual-cured resin cement. the cement was light-cured under 600, 800 and 1100 mw/cm(2) light i...