The effects of different macronutrients on appetite and pyloric motility and the impact of short-term dietary glucose supplementation on these responses were evaluated. Ten males (aged 19-38 yr) received isocaloric (2.9 kcal/min) intraduodenal infusions of glucose and lipid while antropyloroduodenal motility and appetite were assessed by manometry and visual analog scales, respectively. Effects...

BACKGROUND Triacylglycerols (TAG) have been shown to have potential appetite suppressing effects. This study examined the effects of 3 g and 6 g Korean pine nut triacylglycerols (PinnoThin) on appetite and energy intake. METHODS 130 g Isoenergetic yogurt containing either placebo (milk fat) or PinnoThin TAG was consumed as a breakfast, after an overnight fast, in a double blind randomized cro...

Loss of appetite, decrease in food intake and changes in body composition appear to be inter-related factors that can influence the well-being of older individuals. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the level of appetite, food intake and its relation to body composition and functional status among noninstitutionalised elderly Malays in Cheras, Kuala Lumpur. The Council on Nutrition ...

BACKGROUND A common obesity-risk variant rs9939609 in the fat mass- and obesity-associated (FTO) gene was recently shown to affect appetite, and the gene is sensitive to the regulation of amino acids. OBJECTIVE We examined the interaction between FTO genotype and protein intake on the long-term changes in appetite in a randomized controlled trial. DESIGN We genotyped FTO rs9939609 in 737 ov...

Sodium deficiency increases angiotensin II (ATII) and aldosterone, which synergistically stimulate sodium retention and consumption. Recently, ATII-responsive neurons in the subfornical organ (SFO) and aldosterone-sensitive neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTSHSD2 neurons) were shown to drive sodium appetite. Here we investigate the basis for NTSHSD2 neuron activation, identify the...

The obesity epidemic and its associated morbidity and mortality have led to major research efforts to identify mechanisms that regulate appetite. Gut hormones have recently been found to be an important element in appetite regulation as a result of the signals from the periphery to the brain. Candidate hormones include ghrelin, peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide-1 and gastric inhibitory polypept...

A lesion of the subfornical organ (SFO) may reduce sodium depletion-induced salt appetite, which is largely dependent on ANG II, and yet ANG II infusions directly into SFO do not provoke salt appetite. Two experiments were designed to address this apparent contradiction. In experiment 1 sustained infusions of ANG II into SFO did not produce a sustained elevation of blood pressure, and neither a...

Recent years have witnessed significant research interest surrounding the interaction among exercise, appetite and energy balance, which has important implications for health. The majority of exercise and appetite regulation studies have been conducted in males. Consequently, opportunities to examine sex-based differences have been limited, but represent an interesting avenue of inquiry conside...

M any medications increase or decrease appetite and/or weight. Some of these have been tested in anorexia nervosa and bulimia. To date, no well-controlled, large-scale studies with successful results have been replicated. In general, there is as yet, no accepted medication for the treatment of anorexia or bulimia (see Chapter 42, this volume). This chapter reviews medications that influence wei...