Steelmaking based on direct reduced iron (DRI, and its compacted derivative hot briquetted iron, HBI) is an anticipated important global alternative to current steel production FeOx reduction in blast furnaces due lower specific CO2 emission. The majority of DRI melted refined the electric arc furnace with different process conditions compared melting scrap raw material composition being rather...

Steel has remained the most crucial of all structural materials. However, the steel production processes have changed over the years. Currently, due to the tendency of eliminating high energy consuming technologies, in both the international and domestic steel industry, liquid steel is manufactured in two basic aggregates: oxygen-blown converters and electric arc furnaces 1 . The development of...

Scale up of microwave sintering for high temperature stable non-oxide ceramics, such as SiC, Si3N4, and dispersion ceramics, like SiC-MoSi2 is still difficult, mainly because of lack of an affordable equipment. For air atmosphere sintering different furnaces were developed, like e.g., gas-microwave hybrid heated tunnel kilns [1] or microwave sintering using an adiabatic casket in tunnel kilns [...

For many years radiation thermometers have been used to make non-contact temperature measurements of hot objects, particularly in industrial situations such as reformer furnaces, steel reheat furnaces, and ceramics kilns. They occupy an important niche in temperature measurement since any other type of thermometer would have very slim chances of surviving in these and other such hostile environ...

hot spots are among the most serious operational issues in furnaces as they may result in the destruction of tubes. hence, it is essential to locate such hot spots precisely on the tube surfaces inside the industrial furnaces in order to secure a safe design and operation. in the current study, we have extended the model proposed by talmor in order to precisely locate the combustion hot spots o...

Electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) and electric dust (EAFD) are the waste materials from steel production by EAF route which implies remelting of iron scrap in furnaces (EAF). In recent years, special attention is paid on valorisation EAFS EAFD since disposing both may cause negative impacts environment. this paper, methods that use to process have been reviewed, their advantages disadvantages al...

The gradual increase in industrial wastes allowed the utilization of these different areas. Steel slag, one wastes, is formed during reduction molten crude iron to steel basic oxygen furnaces (BOF) or scrap electric arc (EAF) and induction (IF). Removal, storage, disposal slag an important environmental economic problem. offers opportunities be used as alternative material various areas contrib...

Abstract One of the biggest energy consumers and CO2 emitters in world is steel sector. With growth infrastructure construction, output has risen year over year. Therefore, a life cycle assessment inputs outputs at each stage manufacturing process necessary to enable adoption management offer sustainable production consumption. The Life Cycle Assessment method employed this study assess environ...