Understanding the evolution of Arctic polar climate from the protracted warmth of the middle Pliocene into the earliest glacial cycles in the Northern Hemisphere has been hindered by the lack of continuous, highly resolved Arctic time series. Evidence from Lake El'gygytgyn, in northeast (NE) Arctic Russia, shows that 3.6 to 3.4 million years ago, summer temperatures were ~8°C warmer than today,...

Pollen analysis of radiocarbon-dated samples from the arctic coastal plain of Alaska shows that vegetation of 14,000 years ago reflected a climate colder than the present, and that there has been a progressive warming, culminating in the present cold arctic climate. The record indicates that the Arctic Ocean has been covered with ice since the time of the Wisconsin glacial maximum, suggesting t...

Arctic is a 4x4 packet routing chip being developed for the *T multiprocessor. Arctic can be used to implement a variety of staged networks and will be used to implement a fat tree network for *T. Arctic meets the requirements of *T and of a wide class of systems. This paper discusses the key features of Arctic. These include its buuering scheme which enables very high utilization of network li...

Global warming makes it possible for vessels to sail through the Northern Sea Route, and emergency rescue response to sudden and dangerous events at the Arctic Ocean has caused extensive concern. This paper analyzes the current situation of the Arctic marine rescue and uses complex network theory to describe the characteristics of Arctic marine rescue and emergency response networked system. A ...

a r t i c l e i n f o The fate of terrigenous dissolved organic carbon (tDOC) delivered to the Arctic Ocean by rivers remains poorly constrained on both spatial and temporal scales. Early reports suggested Arctic tDOC was refractory to degradation, while recent studies have shown tDOC removal to be an active but slow process. Here we present observations of DOC, salinity, δ 18 O, and 228 Ra/ 22...

The recent warming in the Arctic is affecting a broad spectrum of physical, ecological, and human/cultural systems that may be irreversible on century time scales and have the potential to cause rapid changes in the earth system. The response of the carbon cycle of the Arctic to changes in climate is a major issue of global concern, yet there has not been a comprehensive review of the status of...

Distinct cyclicity in lithology and microfaunal distribution in sediment cores from the Mendeleev Ridge in the western Arctic Ocean (water depths ca. 1.5 km) reflects contrasting glacial/interglacial sedimentary patterns. We conclude that during major glaciations extremely thick pack ice or ice shelves covered the western Arctic Ocean and its circulation was restricted in comparison with interg...

This study investigates Arctic climate variability during a period of extreme warmth using the Community Climate System Model, version 3 (CCSM3) coupled ocean–atmosphere general circulation model. Four midCretaceous simulations were completed with different CO2 levels (1, 10, and 16 times preindustrial levels with dynamic vegetation) and vegetation treatments (10 times with specified uniform ba...

OBJECTIVE We evaluated the performance of a new temperature management system (Arctic Sun, Medivance, Inc.) in maintaining normothermia during off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB). PATIENTS AND METHODS Ninety-eight unselected patients were prospectively randomized to either a conventional temperature management method (consisting of a sterile forced-air warming blanket, warm intravenous fl...

[1] The Arctic is warming two to four times faster than the global average. Debate continues on the relative roles of local factors, such as sea ice reductions, versus remote factors in driving, or amplifying, Arctic warming. This study examines the vertical profile and seasonality of observed tropospheric warming, and addresses its causes using atmospheric general circulation model simulations...