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Collagen is the most important structural protein in the animal kingdom and is responsible for the strength and integrity of many tissues like bone, teeth, cartilage and tendons. The mechanical properties of these tissues are determined by their hierarchical structure. However, how each level contributes to the overall properties of collagenous tissues, and how individual hierarchical levels in...

In this paper we define f − αβ-statistical convergence of order γ in probability and αβ-strong p-Ces`aro summability for a sequence random variables under unbounded modulus function examine the relation between these two concepts. We show by an example that notion is stronger than probability.

A N aromatic (aro) mutant of Escherichia coli may demand for its growth tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, para-aminobenzoic acid, para-hydroxybenzoic acid and a sixth unknown factor, or only the first two, three, four or five of these (DAVIS 1952a). Biochemical analyses of the aromatic pathway by several workers have indicated the possible presence of seven sequential steps leading to choris...

To establish a molecular targeting therapy for anaplastic thyroid carcinomas, we studied the effect of the specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor, STI571, on anaplastic thyroid cancer cell lines highly expressing c-ABL ARO (mutated p53) and FRO (undetectable p53). These lines showed marked inhibition of cell growth after treatment with STI571. In contrast, the growth of papillary thyroid cancer cel...

Standards for clinical trial design, execution, and publication have increased in recent years. However, the current structure for interaction among the pharmaceutical sponsor funding a drug or device development program, the contract research organization (CRO) that typically assists in executing the trial, regulatory agencies, and academicians, provides inadequate leadership and oversight of ...

BACKGROUND Vacuolar-type proton transporting ATPase (V-ATPase) is involved in the proper development of visual function. Mutations in the Tcirg1 (also known as Atp6V0a3) locus, which encodes the a3 subunit of V-ATPase, cause severe autosomal recessive osteopetrosis (ARO) in humans. ARO is often associated with impaired vision most likely because of nerve compression at the optic canal. We exami...

Apurinic apyrimidinic endonuclease redox effector factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) is involved both in the base excision repair (BER) of DNA lesions and in the eukaryotic transcriptional regulation. APE1/Ref-1 is regulated at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels, through control of subcellular localization and post-translational modification. In response to stress conditions, several cel...

Organizational and activational effects of estrogen (E) in the central nervous system (CNS) are exerted directly by circulating E and indirectly after aromatization of circulating androgen to E in the brain itself. Understanding an environmental chemical's ability to disrupt E-dependent neural processes, therefore, requires attention to both pathways. Because aromatase (Aro) is highly expressed...