Current models and test methods for determining filter efficiency ignore filter bypass, the air that circumvents filter media because of gaps around the filter or filter housing. In this paper, we develop a general model to estimate the size-resolved particle removal efficiency, including bypass, of HVAC filters. The model applies the measured pressure drop of the filter to determine the airflo...

............................................................................................................................. v LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................. ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................. xi CHAPTER 1: I...

It is good to be able to pass on the best wishes of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) and to remind you that the IIR will be holding its Gustav Lorentzen Memorial Conference in Glasgow next year. I hope that the IIR conference will be as well supported and as valuable as this CIBSE/ASHRAE conference. You are warmly invited to attend the Gustav Lorentzen conference in Glasgow, w...

This paper illustrates a step-by-step process on how to use "The Manual for Verification, Validation, and Reporting of Indoor Environment CFD analyses" developed by ASHRAE. The details of the manual are further explained through an example of indoor environment modeling (an office with mechanical displacement ventilation). The verification, validation, and reporting do not have to be documented...

The aim of using electromechanical air conditioning in buildings is to maintain thermal comfort for its occupants; however, this type represents 40% the total energy consumption a building, generating economic and environmental impacts, because fossil fuels are main source energy. To reduce use conditioning, it possible take advantage climatic conditions region improve performance. Due small nu...

There is a growing concern about Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) globally in hospitals, especially after the recent outbreak of diseases like Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Swine Flu (H1N1) and other airborne infections such as Tuberculosis. The semi-arid climatic condition in the study area (Maiduguri, Nigeria) which is characterised by Harmattan dust blowing from the northeast, and preval...

A project was initiated to investigate concerns regarding the application of duct smoke detectors (ASHRAE RP-1079). The objective of the research was to investigate the effects of driving forces, dilution, aging, smoke stratification, filters, and sample tube efficacy on smoke detector response. As one part of this project, a series of full-scale fire tests were conducted in a ten-story facilit...

This paper presents diversity factors recommended for use in energy simulation programs that require the input of hourly usage of electricity Jor lighting and receptacle loads relative to the installed lighting/equipment capacity. Typical weekday and weekend profiles are presented for small, medium, and large office buildings. The diversity profiles were developedfrom year-long records from 46 ...

BACKGROUND We quantified the air quality benefits of a smoke-free workplace law in Boston Massachusetts, U.S.A., by measuring air pollution from secondhand smoke (SHS) in 7 pubs before and after the law, comparing actual ventilation practices to engineering society (ASHRAE) recommendations, and assessing SHS levels using health and comfort indices. METHODS We performed real-time measurements ...