A 3.5-year-old girl (weight, 19 kg; height, 103 cm) was hospitalized for interventional closure of secundum atrial septal defect (ASD II). In transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), we found a hemodynamically relevant left-to-right shunt caused by isolated ASD II without any systemic or pulmonary venous anomaly. All heart valves were patent and showed no regurgitation. The siz...

Background Patients who received orthodontic treatment are likely to have apical root shortening. It appears that external apical root resorption results from a combination of patient-related risk factors such as genetic influences, systemic factors, and orthodontic treatment-related factors. Regarding the fact that the anterior segmental osteotomy (ASO) has been known for its possibility of co...

OBJECTIVE Long-term angiographic evaluation of left ventricular performance and size of the great arteries after one-stage neonatal versus two-stage arterial switch operation (ASO) of simple transposition. METHODS Analysis of cineangiographic studies obtained during the process of two-stage ASO for 34 patients and after neonatal repair for 52 patients. RESULTS At early follow-up after two-s...

Rapid two-stage arterial switch operation (ASO) is very relevant as many patients of transposition of great arteries (TGA) present late to the hospital when primary switch either is not possible or carries a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Hence, other means apart from the traditional methods of left ventricle preparedness should be tried to help this category of patients, who are to unde...

Since 1935 several reports have dealt with the antistreptolysin-O (ASO) titre in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The mean and the upper ASO values were first established in a group of normal subjects and in patients with no history of recent streptococcal illness, and subsequently the distribution of the ASO titres was recorded in patients suffering from RA. Table I summarizes the results of Blair a...

Chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are widely used as a tool to functionalize microRNAs (miRNAs). Reduction of miRNA level after ASO inhibition is commonly reported to show efficacy. Whether this is the most relevant endpoint for measuring miRNA inhibition has not been adequately addressed in the field although it has important implications for evaluating miRNA targeting stud...

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress plays a role in the development of chronic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) because under these conditions redox regulation is impaired, inducing the S-glutathionylation of proteins. A method of estimating the levels of S-glutathionylated proteins has been developed using biotinylated glutathione S-transferase, which allows the study of their crucial role in the oxi...

The in vivo potency of antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) has been significantly increased by reducing their length to 8-15 nucleotides and by the incorporation of high affinity RNA binders such as 2', 4'-bridged nucleic acids (also known as locked nucleic acid or LNA, and 2',4'-constrained ethyl [cET]). We now report the development of a novel ASO design in which such short ASO monomers to one o...

Diets with high fat content induce steatosis, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. The lipid droplet protein adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP) mediates hepatic steatosis, but whether this affects insulin action in the liver or peripheral organs in diet-induced obesity is uncertain. We fed C57BL/6J mice a high-fat diet and simultaneously treated them with an antisense oligonucle...

Embolization of the occlusion device after percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect (ASD) is a potential disastrous complication. The usual site of embolization is the right side of the heart including pulmonary artery, but the device embolization to the extracardiac aorta is extremely rare. Here, we report a successful percutaneous retrieval case of the embolized Amplatzer Septal Occluder ...