Objective: Asphyxia is a major cause of acute mortality and chronic neurologic disability in neonates. We sought to define the predictive values of serum concentrations of interleukin-1β in newborns with perinatal asphyxia to see if there is a relation between interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels to the short term neurological deficit. Methods: This was a prospective (case-control) study conducted bet...

Upper airway (UA) muscle activity is stimulated by changes in UA transmural pressure and by asphyxia. These responses are reduced by muscle relaxation. We hypothesized that this is due to a change in afferent feedback in the ansa hypoglossi and/or superior laryngeal nerve (SLN). We examined 1) the glossopharyngeal motor responses to UA transmural pressure and asphyxia and 2) how these responses...

BACKGROUND A cornerstone of neonatal resuscitation teaching suggests that a rapid vagal-mediated bradycardia is one of the first signs of perinatal compromise. As this understanding is based primarily on fetal studies, we investigated whether the heart rate and blood pressure response to total asphyxia is influenced by whether the animal is in utero or ex utero. METHODS Fetal sheep were instr...

Umbilical cord blood gas and acid-base assessment are themost objective determinations of the fetal metabolic condition at the momentof birth. Moderate and severe newborn encephalopathy, respiratory compli-cations, and composite complication scores increase with an umbilicalarterial base deficit of 12–16 mmol/L. Moderate or severe newborn compli-cations occur in 10% of neona...

Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia, the prime cause for neonatal mortality and morbidity, results in hypoxic damage to almost all organs of the neonate, kidneys being most frequently (50%) affected. However, neonatal renal failure poses diagnostic as well as therapeutic challenge as clinical and laboratory parameters are unpredictable in this age group. Paucity of studies determining the incidenc...

Citation: Herrera MI, Udovin LD, Toro-Urrego N, Kusnier CF, Luaces JP and Capani F (2018) Palmitoylethanolamide Ameliorates Hippocampal Damage and Behavioral Dysfunction After Perinatal Asphyxia in the Immature Rat Brain. Front. Neurosci. 12:145. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00145 Palmitoylethanolamide Ameliorates Hippocampal Damage and Behavioral Dysfunction After Perinatal Asphyxia in the Immature...

Compressional or traumatic asphyxia is a well recognized entity to most forensic pathologists. The vast majority of reported cases have been accidental. The case reported here describes the apparent inflicted compressional asphyxia of a small child. A review of mechanisms and related controversy regarding proposed mechanisms is discussed.

OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of asphyxia and hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) and predictors of poor outcome in a hospital in a developing country. METHODS Neonates of birth weight ≥ 2,000 g who required bag-and-mask ventilation and were admitted with a primary diagnosis of asphyxia from January to December 2011 were included. Medical records were retrieved and maternal and infa...

BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a major clinical disorder that is characterized by multiple episodes of upper airway obstruction due to the failure of the upper airway dilator muscles to maintain upper airway patency. This results in chronic intermittent asphyxia (CIA) due to repetitive apneas, but very little is known about the effects of CIA on upper airway muscle function. OBJE...

BACKGROUND Vasopressin is one of the most important physiological stress and shock hormones. Copeptin, a stable vasopressin precursor, is a promising sepsis marker in adults. In contrast, its involvement in neonatal diseases remains unknown. The aim of this study was to establish copeptin concentrations in neonates of different stress states such as sepsis, chorioamnionitis and asphyxia. METH...