The Harten–Lax–van Leer scheme is popularly used in the CFD community. However, oscillations are observed from shock tube problems for stiffened gases when the adiabatic index is greater than 3. To understand this phenomenon, the dissipation effect of the scheme is evaluated quantitatively in terms of dissipation matrices. We have proven and numerically demonstrated that lack of positive defini...

Measurements were made of the rigor stiffness of impaled bull sperm flagella. Vanadate-free ATP was found to have a stronger plasticizing action than vanadate-contaminated ATP. Trace amounts of Mg2+ were found to be necessary to relieve the rigor condition by ATP. During the injection of negative electric current into the sperm head, the flagella stiffened, presumably by depletion of Mg2+ from ...

Depending on the type of analysis, Finite Element(FE) models of different fidelity are necessary. Creating these models manually is a labor intensive task. This paper discusses a generic approach for generating FE models of different fidelity from a single reference FE model. These different fidelity models are created by sub-structuring and a multi-scale superposition technique. Efficiency of ...