Lateral tape displacement in a tape drive is believed to be one of the critical limiting factors in achieving high track density in tape storage media. For improving track density, servo control systems can be designed on the basis of information from a position error signal to improve the track following capabilities in a tape drive. In this paper, we consider the characterization of lateral t...

OBJECTIVE To assess the outcome of patients who underwent a tension-free vaginal tape sling procedure alone versus patients who underwent concomitant pelvic floor surgery. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Urogynaecology unit of a university teaching hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS Patients diagnosed with moderate-to-severe urodynamic stress incontinence and underwent a tension-fre...

Scrotal rupture during athletic competition is considered a rare occurrence; however, blunt trauma to the scrotum is relatively common. Protective athletic cups are strongly recommended for both children and adults engaging in contact sports as they likely limit the amount of serious injury to the scrotal contents. Nonetheless, should the on-field assessment by the athletic trainer, coach, or t...

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the concept of evidence-based medicine (EBM) to athletic trainers. This overview provides information on how EBM can affect the clinical practice of athletic training and enhance the care given to patients. DATA SOURCES: We searched the MEDLINE and CINHAL bibliographic databases using the terms evidence-based medicine and best practice and the online Index to Abstracts o...

Between 1972 and 1978 U.S. high schools rapidly increased their female athletic participation rates—to approximately the same level as their male athletic participation rates—in order to comply with Title IX, a policy change that provides a unique quasi-experiment in female athletic participation. This paper examines the causal implications of this expansion in female sports participation by us...

The purpose of this study was to test a structural model to determine which psychosocial constructs affected the purchase intention of athletic team merchandise (ATM). Results from the analyses indicated that the twelve-factor ATM model fit the data from collegiate athletic events well, explaining the various impact factors that lead to purchase intention of athletic team merchandise among spor...

Historical events have produced an ideologically charged atmosphere in the USA surrounding the potential influences of innate variation on athletic performance. We tested the hypothesis that scientific studies of the role of innate variation in athletic performance were less likely to have authors with USA addresses than addresses elsewhere because of this cultural milieu. Using scientometric d...

Finite state control Semi-infinite tape which contains, at the beginning of the computation: the input string, on its part of the tape the blank symbol, in the remaining squares According to the transition function at each step the machine: changes its internal state writes a nonblank symbol on the scanned tape square moves the head either to the left, or to the right, or keeps it on the same s...