experimental autoimmune vitiligo was induced by the intradermal injection of the purified mushroom tyrosinase emulsified in complete freund’s adjuvant (cfa) in female c57bl/6 mice. the onset of vitiligo was characterized by hair hypopigmentation and total melanocyte depletion in the basal layer of the epidermis. oral administration of semipurified mushroom tyrosinase prevented experimental auto...

celiac disease (cd) is an autoimmune enteropathy induced by the ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals who carry the hla dq2 or dq8 alleles. the etiology is multifactorial involving genetic and environmental factors, immune response, and intestinal dysbiosis. the innate and acquired t-cell mediated immunity play important roles in the pathogenesis of this disease, particular...

introduction and aims: impact of treatment on progression of fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis (aih) is unknown. we assessed the changes in liver fibrosis before and after treatment among these patients. materials and methods: nineteen aih patients who had paired liver biopsies were studied. of these, seven had been treated with 6 months of cyclosporine-a and the rest with 6 months of prednisolo...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is an autoimmune inflammatory process that affects the central nervous system (cns). celiac disease (cd) is a systemic autoimmune disorder of gluten intolerance. based on the presumed association of ms with multiple autoimmune processes, the coincidence of ms with gluten sensitivity has been investigated with controversial results. here, we report a known case of ms with...

objective: triptolide, the active component of tripterygium wilfordii hook f has been used to treat autoimmune and inflammatory conditions for over two hundred years in traditional chinese medicine. however, the processes through which triptolide exerts immunosuppression and anti-inflammation are not understood well. in this review, we discuss the autoimmune disorders and inflammatory condition...

autoimmune thyroid diseases (atd) are multifactorial conditions that result from genetic predisposition in combination with environmental risk factors. helicobacter pylori infection as an environmental risk factor has been proposed to imitate the antigenic components of the thyroid cell membrane and may play a leading role in the onset of the autoimmune diseases, such as hashimoto thyroiditis. ...

An adult female budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) presented with abdominal enlargement. The condition of the bird deteriorated after needle aspiration for cytological examination. The budgerigar was euthanatized and a complete necropsy was performed. Microscopic sections were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Gram staining, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and acid-fast staining. Es...

autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (alps) is an uncommon nonmalignant lymphoproliferative disease which is characterized by chronic, persistent or recurrent lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, immune cytopenia, hypergammaglobinemia and increased risk of lymphoma. we report a 2-year old boy with hepatosplenomegaly as first presentation. petechial and purpuric rashes with massive ce...