There are two main expressions which can give rise to future-oriented interpretations in Hungarian. The fog construction, which consists of an auxiliary verb and an infinitival main verb is obligatorily associated with future interpretations. The second expression, the non-past, consists of a verb inflected for person and number, with no grammatical marker of temporal reference. Interestingly, ...

Verb Phrase Ellipsis (VPE) has been studied in great depth in theoretical linguistics, but empirical studies of VPE are rare. We extend the few previous corpus studies with an annotated corpus of VPE in all 25 sections of the Wall Street Journal corpus (WSJ) distributed with the Penn Treebank. We annotated the raw files using a stand-off annotation scheme that codes the auxiliary verb triggerin...

of the parser in recognising the prescribed features. At various points, decisions had to be made about what counted as a given feature. We have taken the category of verb to include auxiliary verbs, and also present and past participles where these are constituents of a verb phrase but not otherwise. Thus \the sun is rising" contains two verbs, while \the rising sun" contains none. In the cate...

The present study investigated Japanese lexical and syntactic compound verbs (V1þV2) using Shannon’s concept of entropy and redundancy calculated using corpora from the Mainichi Newspaper and a collection of selected novels. Comparing combinations of a V2 verb with various V1 verbs, syntactic compounds were higher in entropy than lexical ones while neither differed in redundancy. This result su...

In this study, we explore the impact of complex lexical information to solve syntactic ambiguity, including verbal subcategorization in the form of verbal transitivity and verb-noun-case or verb-noun-case-auxiliary relations. The information was obtained from different sources, including a subcategorization dictionary extracted from a Basque corpus, the web as a corpus, an English corpus and a ...

since the verbs of and have similar use and play an important role in arabic grammar, it was useful to study both and discuss about their functions. following the discussion we found that there is five different functions for :first, it is an imperfect verb, (that give the noun an nominative case and the comment an objective case) arabic grammar experts disagree if it has a verb function or a n...

The type of cluster exemplified in (1) is the most flexible one, consisting of auxiliary, modal and predicative verb. A perception verb in place of modal yields has a by and large equivalent flexibility. Throughout the paper, I use the following abbreviations for the above patterns: ∗For fruitful discussion and insightful comments, I want to thank the audience of the UCLA/University of Potsdam ...

We need to renew our scientific lexicon, argues Evelyn Fox Keller, if we are to meet the challenges set by emerging fields like systems biology. Current scientific “ways of knowing” are built around nouns and committed to entity realism, Keller argues. They are thus unsuited to encompassing the dynamic interactivity of living systems that has become the chief object of investigation in a growin...

Over the last 20 years, major advances in cognitive neuroscience have clearly shown that the language function is not restricted into the classical language areas but it involves brain regions, which had never previously considered. Indeed, recent lines of evidence have suggested that the processing of words associated to motor schemata, such as action verbs, modulates the activity of the senso...

Lexical and syntactic mismatches between languages are the main challenge for every translation (especially formidable for Machine Translation; see Mel’čuk & Wanner 2001, 2006). An example of mismatches in English-to-Russian translation: a. The demonstrators were brutally beaten and tear-gassed by the police. b. Rus. Demonstranty podverglis ́ zverskomu izbieniju so storony policii; protiv nix by...