Tentative assignment for each carbon resonance in the natural abundance high resolution carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance Fourier transform spectrum at 25.2 MHz of the biologically active cyclic octapeptides, synthetic oxytocin (43 carbons) and lysine-vasopressin (46 carbons) and the cyclic dodecapeptide bacitracin (66 carbons) has been made using a number of different techniques. The 1% ass...

The recognition of Lancefield's Group A as the most,commonly pathogenic members of the haemolytic streptococci has prompted several attempts at devising a rapid cultural diagnostic method such as the addition of maltose or glucose to blood agar, which alters the haemolytic activity of Group A strains (Kodama, 1937; Simmons and *Wilson, 1941). This paper describes the use of an antibiotic that i...

The effects of oligosaccharide supplementation on the growth performance, flock uniformity and GIT development of broiler chickens were investigated. Four diets, one negative control, one positive control supplemented with zinc-bacitracin, and two test diets supplemented with mannoligosaccharide (MOS) and fructooligosaccharide (FOS), were used for the experiment. Birds given MOS or FOS had impr...

Soil bacteria are among the most prodigious producers of antibiotics. The Bacillus subtilis LiaRS (formerly YvqCE) two-component system is one of several antibiotic-sensing systems that coordinate the genetic response to cell wall-active antibiotics. Upon the addition of vancomycin or bacitracin, LiaRS autoregulates the liaIHGFSR operon. We have characterized the promoter of the lia operon and ...

Twenty six thermotolerant strains resistant to high levels of chromium (50-250 microg/ml) were isolated from treated tannery effluent. They were also found resistant to multiple heavy metals and antibiotics. Majority of them were resistant to copper and bacitracin. Nine strains representing different resistance patterns were selected for plasmid profile and conjugation studies. Agarose gel elec...

The frequency of nitrosoguanidine-induced mutation for streptomycin-, bacitracin- and rifampicin-resistance was measured in Streptococcus mutans during synchronous replication after release from chloramphenicol inhibition. A clear peak of mutagenesis for each marker was observed at certain times during synchronous replication. These times were different for individual markers; the times of peak...

Bacitracin is a metalloantibiotic agent that is widely used as a medicine and feed additive. It interferes with bacterial cell-wall biosynthesis by binding undecaprenyl-pyrophosphate, a lipid carrier that serves as a critical intermediate in cell wall production. Despite bacitracin's broad use, the molecular details of its target recognition have not been elucidated. Here we report a crystal st...

Although the microbial formation of a variety of polypeptides possessing antibiotic activities has been known for some time, the biosynthesis of these compounds has as yet received little attention. Not only is the mechatnism of formation of these biologically active compounds of interest in itself, but the biosyntheses of these polypeptides are potential systems for investigating the general p...