The Vehicle Routing Problem with Backhauls is a generalization of the ordinary capacitated vehicle routing problem where goods are delivered from the depot to the linehaul customers, and additional goods are brought back to the depot from the backhaul customers. Numerous ways of modeling the backhaul constraints have been proposed in the literature, each imposing different restrictions on the h...

Low power wide area networks (LPWANs) have been recently deployed for long-range machine-to-machine (M2M) communications. These networks have been proposed for many applications and in particular for the communications of the advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) backhaul of the smart grid. However, they rely on simple access schemes that may suffer from important latency, which is one of the ...

In the Vehicle Routing Problem with Backhauls (VRPB), a central depot, a fleet of homogeneous vehicles, and a set of customers are given. The set of customers is divided into two subsets. The first (second) set of linehauls (backhauls) consists of customers with known quantity of goods to be delivered from (collected to) the depot. The VRPB objective is to design a set of minimum cost routes; o...

A backhaul network in mobile wireless systems consists of lower-level base stations (BSs) and upper-level access routers (ARs). While the legacy model considers only a queue at a BS for downstream traffic, we focus on queues at both the BS and the AR, hence calling it the split two-level queueing (S-2Q) model. The transmission rate of the backhaul link between a BS and an AR can be adjusted to ...

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can help smallcell base stations (SBSs) offload traffic via wireless backhaul to improve coverage and increase rate. However, the capacity of backhaul is limited. In this paper, UAV assisted secure transmission for scalable videos in hyper-dense networks via caching is studied. In the proposed scheme, UAVs can act as SBSs to provide videos to mobile users in some...

This paper presents an advanced hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm (HMA) to solve the vehicle routing problem with backhauls and time windows (VRPBTW). The VRPBTW is an extension of the vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW) and the vehicle routing problem with backhauls (VRPB) that includes capacity, backhaul and time window constraints. In this problem, the customers are divided into ...

the vehicle routing problem with backhauls (vrpb) as an extension of the classical vehicle routing prob-lem (vrp) attempts to define a set of routes which services both linehaul customers whom product are to be delivered and backhaul customers whom goods need to be collected. a primary objective for the problem usually is minimizing the total distribution cost. most real-life problems have othe...

In this paper we try to present a network architecture which leverages the power line for Opportunistic networking. We try to provide the autonomous working by use of 802.11 wireless mesh networks. This architecture is aimed at providing better Quality of Service without any additional infrastructure. This integration gives the high bandwidth of wired network to WiFi. The architecture focuses o...

The increasing bandwidth demand of the end-users makes the need for efficient resource management more compelling in next generation communication networks. Nowadays, the mobile communications scenery is characterized by the continuous growth of new services, the provision of which poses the need for higher data rates to guarantee satisfactory quality of experience for the end-users. The advent...