UNLABELLED The Scc4 protein (CT663) of the pathogenic bacterium Chlamydia has been described as a type III secretion (T3S) chaperone as well as an inhibitor of RNA polymerase. To examine if these roles are connected, we first investigated physical interactions between Chlamydia trachomatis Scc4 and the T3S chaperone Scc1 and a T3S substrate, CopN. In a yeast 3-hybrid assay, Scc4, Scc1, and CopN...

Neutrophils form the first line of defense during infection and are indispensable in this function. The neutrophil elastase is a key effector molecule of the innate immune system with potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, spirochaetes, and fungi. However, the release of neutrophil elastase during bacterial infection must be checked otherwise its release in the extracellu...

abstract introduction: matrix metalloproteinase 2 is one of the inflammatory mediators that is involved in nociceptive processing and its production is regulated by many inflammatory factors such as nitric oxide. we studied the role of mmp-2 on the analgesic effects of nnos inhibitor. methods: considering that nitric oxide has many roles in pain processing, we studied the csf levels of mmp-2 af...

angioedema secondary to c1 inhibitor deficiency has been rarely reported to be associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. a genetic defect of c1 inhibitor produces hereditary angioedema, which is usually presented with cutaneous painless edema, but edema of the genital area, gastrointestinal and laryngeal tracts have also been reported. in lupus patients, angioedema may be the result of an a...

Abstract The hay bacillus Bacillus subtilis has attracted scientific interest for more than 100 years due to its ability form heat-stable spores as an example of a rather simple differentiating organism. Thus, this bacterium became one most studied model organisms. Moreover, B. is used in many biotechnological applications and even food production. Current research still adds novel amazing prop...

We use the logistic growth model to describe the bacterium growth in the presence of a Gaussian colored noise. The effects of multiplicative colored noise on the steady state probability distribution of the bacterium growth were investigated. Our results show that increasing the strength of the multiplicative colored noise may lead to decreasing bacterium number and even bacterium extinction. O...