Behavioral studies show that infants are capable of discriminating the number of objects or events in their environment, while also suggesting that number discrimination in infancy may be ratio-dependent. However, due to limitations of the dependent measures used with infant behavioral studies, the evidence for ratio dependence falls short of the vast psychophysical datasets that have establish...

A many to one discrete auditory transform is presented to map a sound signal to a perceptually meaningful spectrum on the scale of human auditory filter band widths (critical bands). A generalized inverse is constructed in closed analytical form, preserving the band energy and band signal to noise ratio of the input sound signal. The forward and inverse transforms can be implemented in real tim...

The intensity ratio between two major Raman bands in graphene is one of the most important information for physics of graphene and has been believed to represent various intrinsic properties of graphene without critical assessment of extrinsic effects. We report a micro Raman spectroscopy study on the Raman intensity ratio of the 2D band to the G Raman band of graphene varying the thickness of ...

We numerically studied high-aspect-ratio channel flows with spanwise sidewalls, that is, wide duct flows, in its subcritical turbulent transitional regime. The infinite flow is known to form large-scale intermittency of turbulent–laminar coexistence and undergo two-stage transition (or crossover transition) process: a second-order phase critical Reynolds number Rec≈1000 deviation from it mainta...

Using spatial-spectral data cubes of reflection nebulae obtained by ISOCAM, we have observed a shift in the central wavelength of the 7.7 µm band within several reflection nebulae. This band, composed of components at 7.85 µm and 7.65 µm, shows a centroid shift from 7.75 µm near the edge of the nebulae to 7.65 µm towards the center of the nebulae as the shorter wavelength component becomes rela...

A simple and compact high gain Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) for Ku band frequency operation is proposed in this paper. Ku band is a microwave band having frequency range 12 to 18 GHz. Proposed DRA is based on the principal of the dual resonance and defected ground structure (DGS) having rectangular slot. DRA design resonates at frequency 15.2 GHz and 18 GHz in Ku band frequency operation....

16. ABSTRACT Researchers performed a system level technical study of physical layer and network layer performance of vehicular communication in a specially licensed Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) 5.9 GHz frequency band. Physical layer analysis provides complete understanding of OFDM based 802.11p performance parameterized by packet length, modulation type, vehicular channels and sig...

Low-threshold lasing is observed at the edge of the stop band of a one-dimensional structure-a dye-doped cholesteric liquid-crystal film. The mode closest to the edge has the lowest lasing threshold. The rates of spontaneous and stimulated emission are suppressed within the stop band and enhanced at the band edge. The ratio of right to left circularly polarized spontaneous emission is in good a...