The presence of an oxygen reconstruction on the Cu(001) surface results in the self-metalation of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (2HTPP) below room temperature (at ~285 K), in contrast to 2HTPP on the bare Cu(001) substrate, where a temperature of ~450 K is required. This study demonstrates the decisive impact of a surface reconstruction on the redox reaction in the solvent-free ultra-high vac...

Unpaved roads are one of the most relevant causes of erosion process in rural regions. Locating unpaved roads in low-resolution satellite images is not a trivial task. Although they have the spectral response of bare soil, their spatial width is often far below the pixel size. Therefore, the pixels crossed by unpaved roads have a different spectral response over the scene depending on the surro...

A flow-electrolytic cell that consists of a bare gold wire or of different thiol-compound-modified gold electrodes (such as 2,4-thiazolidinedione, 2-mercapto-5-thiazoline, 2-mercaptothiazoline, l-cysteine, thioglycolic acid) was designed to be used in a voltammetric detector to identify l-selenomethionine and Se-methylseleno-l-cysteine using high-performance liquid chromatography. Both l-seleno...

The compositional semantics of sentences like Only mammals give live birth and The flag flies only if the Queen is home is a tough problem. Evidence is presented to show that only here is modifying an underlying proposition (its 'prejacent'). After discussing the semantics of only, the question of the proper interpretation of the prejacent is explored. It would be nice if the prejacent could be...

Tendinous and subcutaneous xanthomas are nodular deposits of lipid-filled macrophages, which commonly form on the Achilles tendon, hands, feet, elbows, and knees. These nodules are frequently associated with familial hyperlipidemia, a group of diseases involving impaired cholesterol metabolism, and the accelerated development of atherosclerotic plaques. Since xanthomas may precede the diagnosis...