Among the strategic choices made by today’s economic actors are choices about algorithms and computational resources. Different access to computational resources may result in a kind of economic asymmetry analogous to information asymmetry. In order to represent strategic computational choices within a game theoretic framework, we propose a new game specification, Strategic Bayesian Networks (S...

BACKGROUND Implementing organizations are pressured to be accountable for performance. Many health impact metrics present limitations for priority setting; they do not permit comparisons across different interventions or health areas. In response, Population Services International (PSI) adopted the disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted as its bottom-line performance metric. While interna...

Abstract Knowledge-based programs specify multi-agent protocols with epistemic guards that abstract from how agents learn and record facts or information about other the environment. Their interpretation involves a non-monotone mutual dependency between evaluation of over reachable states derivation depending on guards. We apply technique must/cannot analysis invented for synchronous programmin...

We introduce choice logic programs as negation-free datalog programs that allow rules to have exclusive-only (possibly empty) disjunctions in the head. Such programs naturally model decision problems where, depending on a context, agents must make a decision, i.e. an exclusive choice out of several alternatives. It is shown that such a choice mechanism is in a sense equivalent with negation as ...

Many developing countries are in the initial phases of adopting electronic government (e-government) programs to improve public services and deliver them as efficiently and conveniently as possible. Our experience with a variety of governments throughout the developing world at different stages of implementing e-government programs with citizens (G2C), businesses (G2B), and other entities of go...

1Terry Fox Foundation Strategic Training Initiative for Excellence in Radiation Research for the 21st Century at CIHR, 2Department of Radiation Oncology, 3Institute of Medical Science, 5Department of Medical Biophysics, and 17Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2J7, Canada; 4Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Campbell Family Cancer Researc...

Strategy representation and reasoning for incomplete information concurrent games has recently received much attention in multi-agent system and AI communities. However, most of the logical frameworks are based on concrete game models, lack the abilities to reason about strategies explicitly or specify strategies procedurally, and ignore the issue of coordination within a coalition. In this pap...

Summative evaluations are helpful in showing what happened as a result of grantmaking, but all too often the findings do not influence future funding—the program is over, and the donor has moved on to new issues or strategies. The most significant way to increase the effectiveness of a foundation's grantmaking is to focus on the first steps in the process: grants program design. briefing paper ...

this paper reviews the essence of effective governance and importance of a multi-sectoral approach in generating health systems response to hiv/aids. this comprehensive approach highlights the importance of integrating reproductive sexual health programs and hiv prevention services, including peer education, life skills, and voluntary counseling and testing (vct), for prevention of mother–to-ch...