The sub-Himalayan thrust belt is an active thrust wedge which progresses southward over the northdipping Indian plate. The north–south compression resulted in severe deformation of sedimentary rocks in this belt. Distinct thrust geometries and topography have evolved under the interaction between tectonic and erosional environments. To better understand the relationship between tectonics and to...

In the 1960s, geology was transformed by the paradigm of plate tectonics. The 1965 paper of Bullard, Everett and Smith was a linking transition between the theories of continental drift and plate tectonics. They showed, conclusively, that the continents around the Atlantic were once contiguous and that the Atlantic Ocean had grown at rates of a few centimetres per year since the Early Jurassic,...

Background: The complications of diabetes are the major problems that occur in diabetic patients. It has been reported that, insulin insufficiency and the impairment of regulatory action of this hormone on Leydig and Sertoli cells have an important role in testicular alterations. Testicular disorders and change in normal spermatogenesis is one of the consequences of diabetes. This study was des...

We review recent developments in the study of volcanism and tectonics on Venus. Venus’s crust is basaltic, dry, and probably about 30 km thick. The mantle convects, giving rise to plumes, and has a similar composition and mean temperature (∼1300◦C), but a higher viscosity (∼1020 Pa s), than that of the Earth. Inferred melt generation rates constrain the lithospheric thickness to between 80 and ...

glomerular development of the kidney was studied in newborn rats by electron microscopy. four different stages of glomerular development were defined: vesicle fonnation, s-shaped body stage, capillary loop fonnation, and glomerular maturation. in the fust stage, the mesenchymal cells form a spheroid mass. this is followed by the s-shaped body stage in which clefts appear in the mass. afterwards...

A frotheria is one of the most remarkable hypotheses in mammal evolution. It suggests that one-third of the orders of placental mammals form an ancient group that evolved on Africa when that continent was isolated from others through plate tectonics (1). Although this hypothesis has been predicted by molecular clock studies (2), evidence for it has emerged only in the last 3 years from phylogen...

The visualization of spatial information for wayfinding assistance requires a substantial amount of display area. Depending on the particular route, even large screens can be insufficient to visualize all information at once and in a scale such that users can understand the specific course of the route and its spatial context. Personalized wayfinding maps, such as μMaps are a possible solution ...

[1] Fluid distribution in convergent margins is by most accounts closely related to tectonics. This association has been widely studied at accretionary prisms, but at half of the Earth’s convergent margins, tectonic erosion grinds down overriding plates, and here fluid distribution and its relation to tectonics remain speculative. Here we present a new conceptual model for the hydrological syst...