BACKGROUND The lipopeptide antibiotic iturin A is an attractive biopesticide with the potential to replace chemical-based pesticides for controlling plant pathogens. However, its industrial fermentation has not been realized due to the high production costs and low product concentrations. This study aims to enhance iturin A production by performing a novel fermentation process with effective gl...

Flux Balance Analysis (FBA) has been used in the past to analyze microbial metabolic networks. Typically, FBA is used to study the metabolic flux at a particular steady state of the system. However, there are many situations where the reprogramming of the metabolic network is important. Therefore, the dynamics of these metabolic networks have to be studied. In this paper, we have extended FBA t...

Good sporulation was induced in batch culture using carbon sources that have in common the effect of reducing growth rate.

Continuous monitoring of the oxygen concentrations in the gas and liquid phases in air-purged shake-flask fermentations was accomplished by means of steam-sterilizable oxygen probes.

In the course of our continuing search for novel antimicrobial agents,1-4) we have isolated a novel diketopiperazine, Sch 725418 (1), from culture Micromonospora sp. In this paper, we describe the isolation and structure elucidation of 1 using high resolution ESI-MS and extensive NMR spectroscopic analysis. Fermentation studies of the SP culture 94-00889 were carried out in shake flasks. Stock ...

The growth and survival of two strains of Streptococcus mutans in 5% (wt/vol) glucose or sucrose broth was investigated. S. mutans strain C67-1 showed little loss of viability after 30 h of incubation in batch culture in the presence of either sugar. S. mutans strain C67-25, a noncariogenic mutant of C67-1 that has lost the ability of the latter to produce sticky, insoluble extracellular polysa...

The operation of cell disruption is indispensable but cost much in microalgae industry. To be simplified, two different reaction mechanisms await in the cell to respond to moderated or stressed environment. The physical and chemical changes of enzyme and turgor pressure of cell in this conversion play an important role in the enhancement of biomass and metabolites. Repeated turgor pressure (bas...

The definition of the continuous chirality measure(CCM) is provided and its applications are summarized in this tutorial review, with special emphasis on the field of transition metal complexes. The CCM approach, developed in recent years, provides a quantitative parameter that evaluates the degree of chirality of a given molecule. Many quantitative structural correlations with chirality have b...

The elemental sulfur formation by the partial oxidation of thiosulfate by both a sulfoxidizing consortium and by Thiobacillus thioparus ATCC 23645 was studied under aerobic conditions in chemostat. Steady state was attained with essentially total conversion to sulfate when the dissolved oxygen concentration was 5 mgO2 l(-1) and below a dilution rate (D) of 3.0 d(-1)for the consortium and 0.9 d(...

This study evaluates the suitability of flow cytometry with the fluorochrome BCECF for measuring the intracellular pH (pHi) of cultured cells, and monitors the changes in pHi in murine hybridoma in batch culture and chick embryo fibroblast in monolayer culture (5th passage). The technique produced highly reproducible, repeatable results. The theoretical sensitivity from the calibration curve wa...