Single crystals of natural F-rich apatite and 800 keV Kr21 ion-beam–amorphized apatite were irradiated by an electron beam in a transmission electron microscope over a range of beam energies and beam currents. Irradiation of crystalline apatite using a high current density (16 A/cm2) caused the precipitation of cubic CaO from the crystalline apatite matrix. Using a lower beam current (1.6 A/cm2...

Intraoperative electron beam radiation therapy (IOERT) is a technique in which a single high fraction radiation treatment is administered at the time of surgery. Using IOERT, the total radiation dose delivered to a tumor can be increased since sensitive normal tissues are removed from the radiation field during the surgical procedure. Furthermore, while the biologic effectiveness of this single...

We studied the effects of low-energy electron beam irradiation up to 10 keV on graphene-based field effect transistors. We fabricated metallic bilayer electrodes to contact mono- and bi-layer graphene flakes on SiO₂, obtaining specific contact resistivity ρ c ≈ 19 k Ω · µ m 2 and carrier mobility as high as 4000 cm²·V-1·s-1. By using a highly doped p-Si/SiO₂ substrate as the back gate, we analy...

A reversible structural transition of an epitaxial La(2/3)Sr(1/3)MnO3 film deposited on a LaAlO3 substrate has been investigated by means of in situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction, combined with image and diffraction calculations. We observe that the crystallographic symmetry of the film can be lowered via electron beam irradiation, leading to a rhombo...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) has become an integral part of dermatologic laser surgery because of its ability to remove selectively large amounts of heat from human skin in short periods of time, thereby protecting the epidermis from unintended thermal injury. The objective of the present study is to investigate the extent of lateral epidermal protection afforded by a c...

Over the past decade, low dose effects of ionising radiation have been highlighted and studied, example include low dose hyper-radiosensitivity (HRS), bystander effect, and adaptive responses. Although these effects are largely reported after X-ray irradiation, it is of great interest to also study them after charged particle irradiation. Such studies can inform a range of separate but interlin...

There is continuing interest for the use of microbeam irradiation systems designed to deliver a defined number of charged particles on a single cell with a resolution of a few micrometers. Irradiation of an exact number of charged particles on a single cell means that the limitations of the Poisson distribution of the number of charged particles can be overcome. Moreover, microbeams are particu...

OBJECTIVES Electron beam irradiation can be used to influence the mechanical properties of polymers. It was the aim of this study to investigate whether dental composites can benefit from irradiation in order to achieve increased fracture toughness, work of fracture, hardness or less wear. METHODS Two hundred rectangular specimens of five veneering composites were electron beam irradiated wit...

Hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol)-based monoliths were synthesized in the spin-tip format for high-throughput applications via pulsed electron beam irradiation. Monoliths with a homogeneous porous structure and a total porosity of 69% were obtained. The cross-linked polymeric structure was further mechanically stabilized via the incorporation of silica nanoparticles. Amino-functionalization of ...

Atomic surface structures of nanoparticles are of interest in catalysis and other fields. Aberration-corrected HREM facilitates direct imaging of the surfaces of nanoparticles. A remaining concern of surface imaging arises from beam damage. It is important to identify the intrinsic surface structures and the ones created by electron beam irradiation in TEM. In this study, we performed aberratio...