Wong (2006), and Wyatt and Midkiff (2006) focus on the social and economic factors that have promoted biological psychiatry and marginalized behaviorism in the contemporary treatment of problems in living and “mental illness.” I suggest an additional, perhaps even more central, reason is that biological psychiatry promises to increase autonomy while behaviorism is seen to constain freedom. If, ...

This article is a radical restatement of the predominant psychopathology, which is characterized by nosological systems and by its approach towards a neurobiological conception of the so-called mental disorders. The "radical" sense of this restatement is that of radical behaviorism itself. As readers will recall, "radical" applied to behaviorism means total (not ignoring anything that interests...

Philosophical perspectives are worldviews that define the nature of the world, the individual’s place in it, and the possible relationships to that world and its parts. Learning and instructional theories are developed with respect to a particular set of assumptions regarding what it means to know and learn. It is our contention that when situational variables require some decision on the part ...

Machine learning research, e.g. as described in [Mit97], has had its goal the discovery of relations among observations, i.e. appearances. This is inadequate for science, because there is a reality behind appearance, e.g. material objects are built up from atoms. Atoms are just as real as dogs, only harder to observe, and the atomic theory arose long before there was any idea of how big atoms w...