The SWarm Intelligence-based Reinforcement Learning (SWIRL) method is proposed in this paper to efficiently generate Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based solutions to various problems. Basically, two swarm intelligence based algorithms are combined together in SWIRL to train the ANN models. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is applied to optimize ANN topology, while Particle Swarm Optimization (PS...

BACKGROUND There has been much debate about the orientation of multi-hair grafts in order to obtain an appearance of fullness after the hair transplantation. OBJECTIVES To analyze natural orientation of multi-hair follicles and the influence of hair flow from the crown swirl. METHODS Natural orientation of follicles was analyzed microscopically in 100 nonbald men: a clockwise whorl flow gro...

ROSS, an object-oriented language that has evolved over the last two years as part of the knowledge-based simulation research at Rand [1,3,6,7,8,91. We describe a program called SWIRL designed for simulating military air battles between offensive and defensive forces. SWIRL is written in an object-oriented language (ROSS) where the knowledge base consists of a set of objects and their In the fo...

Consider a three-dimensional vortex sheet in inviscid, incompressible flow which is irrotational away from the sheet. We derive an equation for the evolution of a vortex sheet in Lagrangian coordinates, i.e. an equation that is restricted to the sheet itself and is analogous to the Birkhoff-Rott equation for a two-dimensional (planar) sheet. This general equation is specialized to sheets with a...

Combustion instability is a process which involves unsteady chemical kinetic, fluid mechanic, and acoustic processes. It can lead to unstable behavior and be detrimental in ways ranging from faster part fatigue to catastrophic system failure. In terms of combustion methodology, combustion instability has been a key issue for lean premixed combustion. The primary objective of this work is to imp...

New exact solutions, obtained for centrifugal convection of a compressible fluid in pipes and annular pipes, explain axially elongated counterflow and energy separation—poorly understood phenomena occurring in vortex devices, e.g., hydrocyclones and Ranque tubes. Centrifugal acceleration ~which can be up to 10 times gravity in practical vortex tubes!, combined with an axial gradient of temperat...