The primary domain/leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor, Elongated Hypocotyl (HY5), is crucial for the photomorphogenesis of seedlings. Here, we identified BcHY5 as a regulator hypocotyl length from non-heading Chinese cabbage (NHCC) variety ‘Suzhouqing’, which encoded protein comprised 164 amino acid residues. Ectopic expression in Arabidopsis shortens hypocotyl. Additionally, discovered...

An Arabidopsis U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase Plant U-box 20 (PUB20; alternatively called AtCMPG1) was identified as a possible interactor of the Arabidopsis G-protein β subunit, AGB1, by yeast two-hybrid screening. A bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay showed that PUB20 interacted with AGB1 in the nuclei and the cytosol. The expression levels of PUB20 and its closest homolog, PUB2...

Protein-protein interactions are essential biological reactions occurring at inter- and intra-cellular levels. The analysis of their mechanism is generally required in order link to understand their various cellular functions. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET), which is based on an enzymatic activity of luciferase, is a useful tool for investigating protein-protein interactions i...

The mandelic acid oxidation has been carried out by benzimidazolium fluorochromate (BIFC), morpholinium (MFC), dichromate (BIDC), chlorochromate (MCC) and tetraethylammonium (TEACC) using different solvents as dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), formamide (DMF), chloroform (CF), acetone, dichloromethane (DCM) 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) at 308K, which results in the corresponding oxoacids formation. By TO...

Flavan-3-ols are monomers of Proanthocyanidins (PAs), which important polyphenolic compounds in grapes. Previous studies had shown that VvMYBPA2 was closely related to grape flavan-3-ol biosynthesis, but its regulatory network is still unclear. Here, we found the contents (+)-catechin and (−)-epicatechin, enzyme activities anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) leucoanthocyanidin (LAR) expression VvANR ...

Plant viral movement proteins facilitate virion movement mainly through interaction with a number of factors from the host. We report the association of a cell wall localized ascorbate oxidase (CsAO4) from Cucumis sativus with the movement protein (MP) of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). This was identified first in a yeast two-hybrid screen and validated by in vivo pull down and bimolecular fluore...

A small open reading frame (ORF), pipo, overlaps with the P3 coding region of the potyviral polyprotein ORF. Previous evidence suggested a requirement for pipo for efficient viral cell-to-cell movement. Here, we provide immunoblotting evidence that the protein PIPO is expressed as a trans-frame protein consisting of the amino-terminal half of P3 fused to PIPO (P3N-PIPO). P3N-PIPO of Turnip mosa...