Doped Bi-based oxides were investigated as potential anode materials for direct hydrocarbon solid oxide fuel cells ~SOFCs! at intermediate temperatures. (Bi2O3)0.85(Ta2O5)0.15 met this criterion most successfully. A fraction of Bi2O3 in this material was reduced to BiO and Bi metal under fuel conditions, which yielded high conductivities ~,1 S cm! based on oxide ions and electrons above 500°C. ...

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the economic feasibility of using an Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor convert liquid waste from palm oil processing plants into biogas containing methane. The examined total capital investment (TCI), working (WCI), and production costs at different capacities (3, 30, 300 liters per day) determine if process could generate a profit. results...

With the recent growing usage of bio-fuels need for fire detection in outdoor bio-fuel depots has increased, and several technologies this purpose have been proposed. We consider use thermal cameras present problem designing placement such cameras. Bio-fuel are often large it might be prohibitively expensive to surveil complete areas interest, is therefore required generate compromise solutions...

Biofuel cells (BFCs), which use enzymes as catalysts to harvest energy from green and sustainable fuels abundantly producible from biological systems, are promising next-generation energy devices. However, the poor stability and high specificity to only one fuel type of these bio-catalysts largely limits the practical use of current BFCs. In this contribution, we demonstrate a unique fuel cell ...

BACKGROUND Succinic acid is one of the key platform chemicals which can be produced via biotechnology process instead of petrochemical process. Biomass derived bio-oil have been investigated intensively as an alternative of diesel and gasoline fuels. Bio-oil could be fractionized into organic phase and aqueous phase parts. The organic phase bio-oil can be easily upgraded to transport fuel. The ...

Pt and PtSn catalysts were studied for n-butanol electro-oxidation at various temperatures. PtSn showed a higher activity towards butanol electro-oxidation compared to Pt in acidic media. The onset potential for n-butanol oxidation on PtSn is ∼520 mV lower than that found on Pt, and significantly lower activation energy was found for PtSn compared with that for Pt.

Most bituminous adhesives or binders that are used for pavement materials are derived mainly from fossil fuels. Due to the availability of large quantities of biorenewable sources such as triglyceride oils, proteins, starch, and other carbohydrates from different organic sources, there are virtuous technical and economic prospects in utilizing them to produce bio-binders. Recently, through the ...

Pakistan is an agrarian country, and the main agricultural products are cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, and vegetables. Fuels derived from agricultural sources offer an alternate to the rapidly increasing price of petroleum fuels and the increasing scarcity and the toxicity of such fuels. This paper seeks to examine the impact of biofuels industry on the Pakistan economy. The paper furt...

As world is going towards renewable energy sources, microbial fuel cell getting attention nowadays. In microbial fuel cell biomass is utilize and give energy (electricity), and also a good option for treatment for waste water. Fuel recovery from sewage sludge is a promising energy production method, which can simultaneously address energy issue and environmental concerns associated with waste t...