To identify the actual substrate of the glutathione-dependent sulfur dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.18) elemental sulfur oxidation of the meso-acidophilic Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans strains DSM 504 and K6, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain R1 and Acidiphilium acidophilum DSM 700 was analysed. Extraordinarily high specific sulfur dioxygenase activities up to 460 nmol x min(-1) (mg protein)(-1) w...

Epidemiological and biochemical studies infer that oxidative processes, including the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), are involved in atherosclerosis. Vitamin E has been the focus of several large supplemental studies of cardiovascular disease, yet its potential to attenuate or even prevent atherosclerosis has not been realised. The scientific rationale for vitamin E supplements pro...

A derivative of quinine formed in minced rabbit liver has been isolated by Kelsey et al. (I), and identified by Mead and Koepfli (2) as a carbostyril. Hence quinine is oxidized in liver with replacement of the hydrogen atom in position 2 of the quinoline ring by a hydroxy group. Analogous oxidation products are excreted by men receiving the four principal cinchona alkaloids. This change is impo...

Seed contamination with polyketide mycotoxins, including aflatoxin (AF) and sterigmatocystin (ST) produced by Aspergillus spp., is an agricultural, economic, and medical issue worldwide. Acetyl-CoA, the fundamental building block of all known fungal polyketides, is generated by a large number of biochemical pathways, including beta-oxidation of fatty acids and glycolysis of sugars. We present s...

Weanling rats were fed a simple riboflavin-deficient diet or the same diet supplemented with galactoflavin. Oxidative phosphorylation was studied in isolated hepatic mitochondria. Throughout the course of the experimental diets, a total of 8 weeks, there were no alterations in the respiratory control ratios or in the ADP/O ratios of the isolated mitochondria. Succinate dehydrogenase activity de...