the aim of this study was to comparable application cultural, biological and chemical control methods of pests, diseases and weeds in rice among paddy farmers in sari county. a sample of 260 farmers was selected by using proportional random sampling method. data were collected by means of a questionnaire. validity of questionnaire was confirmed by agricultural jihad experts of sari county and s...

We introduce and experimentally demonstrate a fast and accurate method for quantitative imaging of the dynamics of live biological cells. Using a dual-channel interferometric setup, two phase-shifted interferograms of nearly transparent biological samples are acquired in a single digital camera exposure and digitally processed into the phase profile of the sample. Since two interferograms of th...

Magnetic field distribution measurement and imaging of thin layers using magnetic resonance techniques on biological samples have been performed. The resultant image represents the magnetic susceptibility distribution in the sample. An NMR imaging method susceptible to the homogeneity of magnetic field Gradient Echo was used. Since the investigated physical or biological samples did not generat...

urinary 1-hydroxypyrene is frequently used as a major metabolite and biological indicator of the overall exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. in this study, solid phase extraction was appropriately conditioned with regard to sample ph, sample concentration, loading flow rate, elution solvent, washing solvent, sample volume and sorbent mass. octadecyl silica cartridge (c18) was used as ...

This paper reports a simple isoelectric focusing (IEF) technique without carrier ampholytes to generate stable pH gradients in a nitrocellulose membrane for the fabrication of paper-based analytical devices suitable for complex biological samples. To design the custom-built IEF apparatus, silver-coated copper wire electrodes were employed; the distance between anode and cathode was 8 mm. Concen...