PURPOSE The association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and blood ammonia levels in cirrhotic patients is controversial. We aimed to clarify this controvercy by performing a meta-analysis of published studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library for studies which explored the association between H. pylori and blood ammonia levels in cirrhotic patients...

In the course of stuidies of ammonia absorption from the gastrointestinal tract in cirrlhosis it was notedl that the hiiglhest arterial ammonia levels were achieved slhortly after oral ingestioni of ammonium clhloride. Peak values usually occurred witlhin 15 min of adnministration. The rapid appearance time of the zenith was surprising in view of previous studies of ammonia tolerance, whiclh lh...

By the end of the nineteenth century, ammonia had been identified as the main factor responsible for hepatic encephalopathy syndrome. Ammonia is one of the principal products of hepatic metabolism and high concentrations are toxic to the body. Under physiological conditions, the main way by which the body restricts the blood concentration of ammonia to a nontoxic level is by converting it to ur...

Recently, Ghallab and colleagues have identified a novel strategy to reduce hyper-ammonemia in mice (Ghallab et al., 2015). The authors reduced blood ammonia concentrations by infusing a cocktail of glutamate dehydrogenase and its cofactors alpha-ketoglutarate and NADPH. This approach may be clinically relevant, because therapy of hyperammonemia is challenging (Levesque et al., 1999; Enns et al...

—A series of experiments were conducted to determine the toxicity, behavior, blood glucose stress response, and disease susceptibility in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus following un-ionized ammonia (UIA) exposure. The acute toxicity of un-ionized ammonia to Nile tilapia was measured in a 96-h static test. The median lethal concentration (LC50) was 1.46 mg/L UIA at 24 and 48 h postexposure, ...

塩屋 明利 ・倉石 弘一 ・柿本 守夫 ・玉真 洋子 In a healthy subject, ammonia produced in the body is excreted by the kidney in the form of urea, the product of the urea cycle (1), or converted into substances useful for the body. In cases of hepatic disorders, on the other hand, blood ammonia level is known to increase (2-6). It is likely that ammonia in high concentrations interferes with the TCA cycle (7) and th...

Blood ammonia nitrogen was determined in 36 cases of hepatic coma and 63 cases of liver disease. Significant elevations (PL 0.001) were noted in coma due to hepatitis and cirrhosis and the mortality rate was 89% and 9 1.3% respectively. Raised ammonia nitrogen in hepatic coma is a sign of grave prognosis (JPMA 34 : 9, 1984).

Positron emission tomography (PET) was applied to the measurement of myocardial perfusion using the perfusion tracer 13N-labeled ammonia. 13N ammonia was delivered intravenously to 13 healthy volunteers both at rest and during supine bicycle exercise. Dynamic PET imaging was obtained in three cross-sectional planes for 10 minutes commencing with each injection. The left ventricle was divided in...

The plasma ammonia response to exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was examined and the relationship between plasma ammonia concentration and muscle adenine nucleotide metabolism was explored. In total, 25 stable COPD patients and 13 similar-aged controls underwent incremental and constant-work rate cycle exercise tests. Arterialised venous blood was sampled at rest, at 1-m...