Central venous catheter-related blood stream infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with renal disease treated with hemodialysis. Antibiotic lock solutions can be effective in preventing this complication in patients with hemodialysis. Searching in Epistemonikos database, which is maintained by screening more than twenty databases, we identified eight systematic revie...

Intravenous injection of staphylococci produced a marked, transient granulocytopenia inrabbits. Leukopenia was rapidly followed by return of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to the peripheral blood, and normal circulating granulocyte levels were reestablished within 20 to 40 minutes. Differential arterio-venous leukocyte studies showed that polymorphonuclear leukocytes were trapped within the pulmo...

Rabbits sensitized to horse serum developed a bacteremia of 9 to 12 hours' duration when they were inoculated simultaneously with normal horse serum and a strain of Streptococcus hemolyticus, while the bacteria could only be isolated from the blood stream of non-sensitized animals within the first 3 hours after inoculation. On the other hand, when antisera are employed as the antigen for shocki...

background the major challenge for a burn team is nosocomial infection, which is known to be responsible for over 50% of burn-related deaths. most studies on infection in burn patients focus on burn wound infection, whereas other nosocomial infections among these patients have not been addressed well. this study attempts to determine three types of nosocomial infections: burn wound, urinary tra...

Invasive Candida infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Due to an increased incidence in patients with hematological or oncological malignancies, fluconazole prophylaxis became a common practice in many centers in the late 1990s. Until recently, there was insufficient data on the effect of the use of azoles on the incidence of Candida blood stream infections and species di...

background and objectives: nicu acquired infections are associated with increased mortality rates, prolonged duration of hospitalization in survivors and increased cost of neonatal health care. the frequency of these infections has increased in recent decades as a result of   increased survival of low birth weight infants. in this study,  incidence of nosocomial blood stream infection and risk ...

Introduction: Doppler analysis of the feto-placental and fetal circulation give dynamic information on the condition of the bloodstream during pregnancy, and early detection of fetal hypoxia. The objectives of the study were: testing whether there is influence of smoking on feto-placental circulation; determining whether there is a link to a number of smoked cigarettes during the day; assessing...

1. Hemorrhage with immediate saline infusion causes the appearance in the peripheral blood of a slightly increased number of normoblasts provided normoblasts are already present in the blood stream. Marrow hyperplasia does not intensify this reaction and the cells found probably do not leave the marrow pulp but are in the blood stream at the time of the experiment. 2. The slight increase in cel...

Since the lung cancer cell (LCC) has direct access to the pulmonary vein, left heart and aorta, it has an optimum opportunity for distant dispersal. However, at necropsy, there are as many as ten dispersal patterns which are anomalous in terms of the hematogenous theory of metastasis. As such anomalies may imply imperfections in current concepts, the hematogenous route deserves comparison with ...

The well-known and invidious pathology caused by malaria parasites (Plasmodium spp.) stems from the intraerythrocytic developmental cycle (IDC), which is the progressive invasion of erythrocytes by the merozoite form of the parasite followed by parasite growth, asexual replication, and lysis of the host cell liberating logarithmically greater numbers of infectious merozoites. Gene expression du...