INTRODUCTION The presence of malnutrition has been associated with inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) in patients on chronic hemodialysis (HD). OBJECTIVE To assess the association between nutritional status markers, such as body fat (BF), markers of inflammation and of OS in patients on HD. METHODS Cross-sectional study performed with 40 patients on HD. The nutritional status was evalua...

OBJECTIVE To determine the factors associated with excessive body fat among black African men and women living in rural and urban communities of South Africa. METHODS This is a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study, Cape Town, South Africa conducted in 2009/2010. The study sample included 1220 participants (77.2% women) aged 35-70 year...

It is well established that learning and experience lead to auditory cortical plasticity that is highly specific to the frequency of the acquired sound. Frequency specificity is demonstrated as the shift in the receptive field of cortical neurons towards the frequency of the acquired sound. Jafari and others showed that this frequency-specific receptive field shift of cortical neurons can be in...

INTRODUCTION Obesity is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a disease characterized by the excessive accumulation of body fat. Obesity is considered a public health problem, leading to serious social, psychological and physical problems. However, the appropriate cut-off point of body mass index (BMI) based on body fat percentage (BF%) for classifying an individual as obese in midd...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between leptinemia and the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS Fifty-one obese adults (9 men; 36.7 +/- 10.0 years; body mass index (BMI) 46.2 +/- 10.0 kg/m(2)) were submitted to clinical examination, determinations of body fat mass (BF, bioimpedance) and resting energy expenditure (REE, indirect calorimetry), and to hormonal and biochemical ...

OBJECTIVE Highly processed foods such as convenience foods usually have a high salt content and therefore might indirectly act as adipogenic due to an increasing consumption of sugar-containing beverages (SCB). We examined the association between dietary salt and body weight status. DESIGN We used data on urinary Na excretion as an indicator of dietary salt and BMI standard deviation score (B...

BACKGROUND Overweight/obesity is a growing global public health concern. The variations in the prevalence of overweight/obesity, defined by Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHpR) and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA), were studied and a prediction equation for % body fat (%BF) developed. METHODS A total of 1584 subjects (5...

A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the weight status and the relationship of infant-feeding variables, birthweight and birth order with BMI in a group of Iranian children. Five hundred and eleven students of both sexes at the first grade in elementary schools (aged 7 years) were recruited randomly from all 19 educational districts of Tehran. Weights and heights of children and...

BACKGROUND Breastfeeding (BF) is protective against overweight and is associated with dietary behaviour. The aims of our study were to assess the relationship between exclusive BF duration and BMI, waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) at adulthood, and to study whether dietary behaviour could explain the relationship between BF duration and the proxies of fat mass. METHODS In 20...