Bone, at the ultra-structural level, is a composite with mechanical properties that can be matched by man-made composites. It serves as the template for developing bone replacement materials. Research on biomaterials analogous to bone was started in the early 1980s by incorporating bioactive particles into biocompatible polymers to produce bone substitutes. Hydroxyapatite reinforced high densit...

Burst fractures are common fractures resulting from impact loading and can have severe consequences such as neurological deficits [1]. The biomechanical process which leads to burst fracture is still debated. Finite element models (FEM) could further our knowledge on burst fracture mechanism. A precise evaluation of the mechanical properties of bone tissues is a critical issue when creating the...

INTRODUCTION: Non-invasive estimation of bone mechanical condition is a critical element in ongoing efforts aimed at reducing fractures in at-risk populations, such as those with osteoporosis, spinal cord injury, metabolic bone disease, or osteopenia due to long-term disuse or weightlessness. Considerable emphasis is placed upon bone mineral density (BMD) in the clinical setting, owing largely ...

in the present study, the influence of annealing temperature on mechanical properties and the microstructure of a high manganese austenitic steel (fe-30mn-4al-4si-0.5c) was investigated. x-ray diffractometry, optical and scanning electron microscopy, hardness and tensile tests were used to analyze the relationship between mechanical properties and microstructure after annealing process. the res...

Objective- To determine the effect of selected bone graft on the compression properties of radialbone in rabbit.Design- Experimental in vivo study.Animals- A total of 45 adult male New Zealand white rabbits.Procedures- The rabbits were anesthetized and a one-cm-full thickness piece of radial bone wasremoved using oscillating saw in the all rabbit. The rabbits were divided into 5 groups on theba...

This study is to investigate the association between fracture probabilities determined by using the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) and the microstructure and mechanical properties of femoral bone trabecula in osteoporosis (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA) patients with hip replacements. By using FRAX, we evaluated fracture risks of the 102 patients with bone replacements. Using micro CT scanni...

BACKGROUND Fracture risk assessment tools are useful to calculate the long term probability of osteoporotic fracture. However, how it reflects bone quality is unknown. The aim of this study was to correlate the WHO clinical fracture risk assessment tool, FRAX, with bone mechanical properties. METHODS Six patients submitted to hip replacement surgery, either due to osteoporotic fractures or to...

Load-bearing tissues, like bone, can be replaced by engineered tissues or tissue constructs. For the success of this treatment, a profound understanding is needed of the mechanical properties of both the native bone tissue and the construct. Also, the interaction between mechanical loading and bone regeneration and adaptation should be well understood. This paper demonstrates that microfocus co...

A clear understanding of the dependence of mechanical properties of bone remains a task not fully achieved. In order to estimate the mechanical properties in bones for implants, pore cross-section area, calcium content, and apparent density were measured in trabecular bone samples for human implants. Samples of fresh and defatted bone tissue, extracted from one year old bovines, were cut in lon...

Properties of the organic matrix of bone as well as its function in the microstructure could be the key to the remarkable mechanical properties of bone. Previously, it was found that on the molecular level, calcium-mediated sacrificial bonds increased stiffness and enhanced energy dissipation in bone constituent molecules. Here we present evidence for how this sacrificial bond and hidden length...