[1] In a series of numerical experiments, arrays of parallel-dipping normal faults formed only if the model contained a thin viscous layer sandwiched between the brittle, faulted layer on top and a lower boundary that resisted vertical displacement. With this particular vertical stratification, parallel-dipping faults developed even if the viscous layer had a shear-stress-free lower boundary co...

Turbulent boundary layer measurements have been made on surfaces covered with filamentous marine algae. These experiments were conducted in a closed return water tunnel using a two-component, laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV). The mean velocity profiles and parameters, as well as the axial and wall-normal turbulence intensities and Reynolds shear stress, are compared with flows over smooth and sa...

The flow of glaciers and polar ice sheets is controlled by the highly anisotropic rheology of ice crystals that have hexagonal symmetry (ice lh). To improve our knowledge of ice sheet dynamics, it is necessary to understand how dynamic recrystallization (DRX) controls ice microstructures and rheology at different boundary conditions that range from pure shear flattening at the top to simple she...

The interactions of blood flow with complex vessel geometry generate hemodynamic characteristics, including the heterogeneous spatial and temporal mechanical forces acting on the vessel wall. Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) covering the inner surface of blood vessels are constantly exposed to shear stress because of the frictional force created by the blood flow. ECs respond to the changes of ...

Presented here is a new total-Lagrangian displacement-based finite-element formulation for plates and shells undergoing large displacements and rotations. The theory fully accounts for geometric nonlinearities, general initial curvatures, and extensionality by using Jaumann stress and strain measures, an exact coordinate transformation, and orthogonal virtual rotations. Moreover, transverse she...

The background method is adapted to derive rigorous limits on surface speeds and bulk energy dissipation for shear stress driven flow in two and three dimensional channels. By-products of the analysis are nonlinear energy stability results for plane Couette flow with a shear stress boundary condition: when the applied stress is gauged by a dimensionless Grashoff number Gr, the critical Gr for e...

Recent study has shown that 3D computations of the morphological development of a coast shows irregularities compared with the 2DH (depth-averaged) computations. Therefore a validation of the surf zone currents computed using the 2DH (depth-averaged) and 3D approach in Delft3D is made. The 2DH and 3D approach are compared using an idealized case and validated using data from the laboratory expe...

Momentum transfer between the main channel and the side flood plains tends to increase the floodplain shear whereas the main channel shear decreases. The increase and decrease in shear are greatly influenced when a compound channel is with non-prismatic flood plains. In converging compound channels water flow on the floodplain crosses over water flow in the main channel, resulting in increased ...

The lost of nonentun and stiffness due to ablation nay significantly influence the vibrations of a solid propellant grain. This paper presents an analytical study of the axial shear vibrations of a long hollow cylinder that is subjected to tine dependent body forces in the axial direction. The outer surface of the cylinder is bonded to a rigid case, and the inner radius increases monotonically ...