The enhancement of the carcinogenicity of benzo(a)pyrene (B[a]P) and beta-propiolactone (BPL) by the mouse skin cocarcinogens phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and catechol were examined in female SENCAR mice, 30 per group. The carcinogen and cocarcinogen were applied simultaneously, three times weekly for 490-560 days. B(a)P and BPL were used at constant doses of 5 and 50 micrograms, respectivel...

In general, avian influenza (AI) vaccines protect chickens from morbidity and mortality and reduce, but do not completely prevent, replication of wild AI viruses in the respiratory and intestinal tracts of vaccinated chickens. Therefore, surveillance programs based on serological testing must be developed to differentiate vaccinated flocks infected with wild strains of AI virus from noninfected...

Abstract Background Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus are reaching epidemic proportions. In morbidly obese patients, bariatric operations lead to sustained weight loss relief of comorbidities in the majority patients. Laparoscopic Roux-Y-gastric bypass (RYGB) is one most frequently performed operations, but it still unknown why some patients respond better than others. Therefore, a number va...

Galaxy kinematics and gravitational lensing are two complementary ways to constrain the distribution of dark matter on galaxy scales. The typical density profiles adopted in dynamical studies cannot easily be studies. Ideally, a mass model should used that has global characteristics realistic distributions, allows for an analytical calculation magnifications deflection angles. A simple with the...

Resumo As Boas Práticas de Laboratório (BPL) são um sistema controle qualidade gerencial que abrange o processo organizacional e as condições sob quais os estudos não clínicos saúde meio ambiente desenvolvidos. Conforme a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) BPL devem conter cinco tópicos: recursos, caracterização, regras, resultados qualidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar uma revisão...

The binary power law (BPL) has been successfully used to characterize heterogeneity (overdispersion or small-scale aggregation) of disease incidence for many plant pathosystems. With the BPL, the log of the observed variance is a linear function of the log of the theoretical variance for a binomial distribution over the range of incidence values, and the estimated scale (?) and slope (b) parame...

We describe a provably sound and complete matching algorithm for bigraphical reactive systems. The algorithm has been implemented in our BPL Tool, a first implementation of bigraphical reactive systems. We describe the tool and present a concrete example of how it can be used to simulate a model of a mobile phone system in a bigraphical representation of the polyadic π calculus.

BACKGROUND The inability of seasonal influenza vaccines to effectively protect against infection with antigenically drifted viruses or newly emerging pandemic viruses underlines the need for development of cross-reactive influenza vaccines that induce immunity against a variety of virus subtypes. Therefore, potential cross-protective vaccines, e.g., whole inactivated virus (WIV) vaccine, that c...