Despite the prevalence of hyperactive stretch reflexes in the paretic limbs of individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke, the fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for their expression remain poorly understood. This study tests whether the manifestation of hyperactive stretch reflexes following stroke is related to the development of persistent inward currents (PICs) leading t...

[Purpose] This research investigated the effect of angular variation of flexion of the elbow joint on the muscle activation of elbow flexor muscles. [Subjects] The research subjects were 24 male college students with a dominant right hand who had no surgical or neurological disorders and gave their prior written consent to participation with full knowledge of the method and purpose of this stud...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this prospective case series was to describe the outcomes of a set of rock climbers with lateral epicondylalgia (LE) treated with manual therapy directed at the cervical spine, elbow, and wrist as well as trigger point (TrP) dry needling and kinesio tape. METHODS Nine consecutive rock climbers presenting to physical therapy with a diagnosis of LE were included. At bas...

In this study we examined moment arms of the complete muscle system of the elbow, including the wrist ̄exors that have their proximal attachment point on the humerus. This study was performed with the aim to identify the synergistic mover functions of the muscles as an anatomical basis for the study of motor control of the elbow. The upper limbs of three cadaver specimens were dissected. Muscle...

A case of anomalous terminal branching of the axillary artery, concerning the variant called superficial brachioradial artery (arteria brachioradialis superficialis) was described, with special regard to its embryological origin. The left upper limb of a male cadaver was dissected in successive steps from the axillary fossa distally to the palmar region. A variant artery, stemming from the end ...

Four male subjects were examined to assess the relationship of body fat content to deep muscle temperature and the endurance of a fatiguing isometric handgrip contraction at a tension set at 40% MVC. Muscle temperature was altered by the immersion of the forearm in water at temperatures varying from 7.5 to 40 degrees C. In all subjects, there was a water bath temperature above and below which i...

We report the successful allotransplantation of cryopreserved parathyroid tissue to reverse hypocalcemia in a kidney transplant recipient. A 36-year-old male received a second deceased donor kidney transplant, and 6 weeks later developed severe bilateral leg numbness and weakness, inability to walk, acute pain in the left knee and wrist tetany. His total calcium was 2.6 mg/dL and parathormone l...

Despite the prevalence of hyperactive stretch reflexes in the paretic limbs of individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke, the fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for their expression remain poorly understood. This study tests whether the manifestation of hyperactive stretch reflexes following stroke is related to the development of persistent inward currents (PICs) leading t...

During sustained maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs), most fatigue occurs within the muscle, but some occurs because voluntary activation of the muscle declines (central fatigue), and some of this reflects suboptimal output from the motor cortex (supraspinal fatigue). This study examines whether supraspinal fatigue occurs during a sustained submaximal contraction of 5% MVC. Eight subjects sus...

This study clinically assessed the concept that both thumb flexion and forearm pronation can be restored by brachioradialis (BR)-to-flexor pollicis longus (FPL) tendon transfer if the BR is passed dorsal to the radius. Six patients [two women and four men, mean age 32.3 years (SD 4.9, range 23-56)] underwent BR-to-FPL transfer dorsal to the radius and through the interosseous membrane (IOM). La...