Hyponatraemia is the most common electrolyte imbalance in neurosurgical patients. Acute hyponatraemia is particularly common in neurosurgical patients after any type of brain insult, including brain tumours and their treatment, pituitary surgery, subarachnoid haemorrhage or traumatic brain injury. Acute hyponatraemia is an emergency condition, as it leads to cerebral oedema due to passive osmot...

Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a glomerular disorder characterised by peripheral oedema, heavy proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia, often hyperlipidaemia. Patients generally present with oedema fatigue. Complementary alternative therapies have been widely used in the treatment of NS. The homoeopathic for NS could be safer approach to treating disease.

It has been well established that ischaemia can result in secondary injury to the brain following trauma. While such ischaemia has been imaged, it has been difficult demonstrate its physiological significance. The aim of this research was to use diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) to characterise the patterns of cytotoxic and vasogenic oedema early after head injury and correlat...

The effect of prenatal lead acetate exposure was studied microscopically together with the concentration of lead and lipid fluorescent products (LFP) in the brain of rat fetuses. Wistar rats were intoxicated with a lead solution containing either 160 or 320 ppm of lead acetate solution during 21 days through drinking water. The control group (ten rats) received deionized water for the same peri...

Imaging of the course of the corticospinal tract (CST) by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is useful for function-preserving tumour surgery. The integration of functional localizer data into tracking algorithms offers to establish a direct structure-function relationship in DTI data. However, alterations of MRI signals in and adjacent to brain tumours often lead to spurious tracking results. We h...

We present a case of a patient with a radiological diagnosis of gliomatosis cerebri whose clinical presentation mimicked that of viral encephalitis. A 69-year-old female presented with a few days history of confusion, headache and fever. Examination revealed mild extensor weakness in the left upper and lower limb. CSF showed a mild pleocytosis; gram stain, bacterial and viral cultures as well a...