Organisms and organs come in sizes and shapes. With size, science has no problems, but how to quantify shape? How similar are two birds or two brains? This problem is particularly pressing in cases like brains where structure reflects function. The problem is not new, but satisfying solutions have yet to be worked out. For brain anatomy, no general methodology for a statistically secured quanti...

Neural network breakdown is a key issue in neurodegenerative disease, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we investigated patterns of brain atrophy produced by defined molecular lesions in the two common forms of genetically mediated frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Nine patients with progranulin (GRN) mutations and eleven patients with microtubule-associated protein tau (MA...

PURPOSE The studies on the correlation between incidence of fall and brain atrophy have been going on to find out the cause of fall and its prevention. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between incidence of hip fracture and brain volume, measured by magnetic resonance image. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 14 subjects with similar conditions (age, height, weight, and ...

Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods offer a host of noninvasive biomarkers to assess neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). These include tissue macrostructure or volume and corresponding microstructural attributes such as relaxation, mean diffusivity and anisotropy [1,2]. Due to the presence of lesions, multimodal MRI volume data are usually coaligned and used to segm...

OBJECTIVE To explore brain pathology after mild traumatic brain injury by repeated magnetic resonance examination. DESIGN A prospective follow-up study. SUBJECTS Nineteen patients with mild traumatic brain injury presenting with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 14-15. METHODS The patients were examined on day 2 or 3 and 3-7 months after the injury. The magnetic resonance protocol comprised conven...

We read with interest the article ‘Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm Size Using CT Volumetry, Spherical and ellipsoid formulas: Validation Study’ by Chalian et al. [1] published in the January 2014 edition of Journal of the Pancreas .JOP (online). We commend the authors for their valuable contributions towards establishing the accuracy and reproducibility of CT volumetry for pancreatic cysts....

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neuroinflammation plays an important role in ischemic brain injury. Regulatory T cells (Treg) are important endogenous immune modulators. We tested the hypothesis that Treg amplification with a CD28 superagonistic monoclonal antibody (CD28SA) reduces brain damage in murine cerebral ischemia. METHODS Cerebral ischemia was induced by coagulation of the distal middle cereb...