Dopamine is often used as a pressor agent in sick newborn infants, but an increase in arterial blood pressure could disrupt the blood-brain barrier (BBB), especially in the preterm newborn. Using time-dated pregnant sheep, we tested the hypothesis that dopamine-induced hypertension increases fetal BBB permeability and cerebral water content. Barrier permeability was assessed in nine brain regio...

Introduction: Nitric oxide seems to play a dual role in ischemia/reperfusion injury. Few studies have investigated whether it exacerbates or improves brain edema. In the present study, we inhibited the activity of nitric oxide synthase by L-NAME and evaluated the cerebral infarct volume, tissue swelling and brain edema, alongside the measurement of blood flow of the ischemic region. Methods...

Objective: To study the therapeutic effects of moxibustion preconditioning on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods: One hundred and thirty healthy male Wistar rats were selected and randomly divided into five groups: electroacupuncture preconditioning group (n=30) and moxibustion preconditioning group (n=30), aspirin preconditioning group (n=30), model group (n=30) and blank co...

This study aimed to observe the protective effects of sufentanil pretreatment on rat cerebral injury during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and to explore the underlying mechanism. Twenty-four male adult Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 4 groups. Then, the rat CPB model was established. A 14G trocar was inserted into the atrium dextrum. For rats in S1 and S5 groups, sufentanil (1 µgKg(-1...

Focal cerebral ischemia was induced in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Three groups of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, given food and water ad libitum, were subjected to 4 hr of middle cerebral artery occlusion. All were given vehicle control and ethanol pretreatments intraperitoneally 1 hr before. Mean ipsilateral brain water content in the control, 2 g/kg ethanol, and 2 g/kg ...

The present studies were performed to determine whether cerebral edema will develop as a consequence of arterial hypertension and/or craniectomy. Arterial hypertension was induced for 30 minutes by inflation of a balloon catheter situated in the descending aorta, and a parietal craniectomy was performed. The cerebral edema noticed was evaluated by macroscopic and microscopic observations, BBB p...

Two hydrostatic factors such as acute hypertension and decompressive craniectomy were chosen and assessment was focused on how the hydrostatic pressure gradient altered the cerebrovascular dynamics and metabolism during the process of development of brain oedema. Hydrostatic oedema was induced by bolus injection of autologous blood through the common carotid artery in Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats ...

Gene knockout or transgenic animals may assist in elucidating the mechanisms of brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, almost all commercially available transgenic or knockout animals are mice. The purpose of this study was to develop an ICH model in mice and to investigate the influence of gender and complement C5 genetic differences on outcome after ICH. Male and female C...

We induced brain edema in 72 rats by injecting 5 microliters of 3.0% wt:vol polyvinyl acetate into the left internal carotid artery, producing permanent embolization in the left cerebral hemisphere, which developed ipsilateral brain edema reproducibly. Edema was assessed 24 hours after embolization by determining the brain water content and the sodium and potassium concentrations. In this model...