Numerous factors affect the soil pressure distributions around buried pipes, including shape, size, and stiffness of pipe, burial depth, surrounding soil. Additionally, to some extent, a pipe can benefit from arching effect, where overburden surcharge at crown be supported by adjacent As result, only needs support portion load that is not transferred This paper presents numerical investigations...

  In the current work, the seismic analysis of bent region in buried pipes is performed, and effects of soil properties and modeling methods on pipe’s response are investigated. To do this task Beam, Beam-Shell Finite Element modeling and a Continuum shell FE models of a 90 degrees elbow are employed. In the Beam model, the pipe is simulated by beam elements while combined shell-beam elements a...

Shallow bias tunnels are sensitive at the entrance section, where existence of soil–rock interface (SRI) results in more complex deformation surrounding rock and supporting structure. This study investigates mechanical properties structure a shallow-buried tunnel crossing by combination model tests numerical simulations. A biased with significant cracking its section is selected southwest China...

This study documents the contexts of platform pipe creation, distribution, and disposition at Illinois Havana Hopewell Tradition (50 BC to AD 200–250) sites identify regional variation in ceremonialism exchange. We observe that large deposits stone pipes buried during communal rituals Scioto Valley continued influence Sphere Interaction have skewed archaeological interpretation. Aside from seve...

We propose a new method of radar imaging of underground pipes in inhomogeneous soil, which does not require a priori knowledge of the propagation velocity of electromagnetic waves in soil. In this method, three-dimensional x t -v data matrix from multiple migrated radar images with different propagation velocities using F-K migration method is composed. And we extract the hyperbolic apex and es...

This study evaluates temperatures measured at district heating (DH) valves in manholes and their usability for non-destructively assessing the thermal performance of buried DH pipes. The was conducted as a field test which part network shut down temperature decline analysed terms absolute response time from pipe to top valve. calculated supply by drainage were good agreement, with 1% deviation....