Recently, application of ionic liquids due to their special solvency properties as a promising method of pretreatment for lignocellulosic biomass has received much attention. Chemical stability, temperature stability, non-flammability, low vapor pressure, wide liquidus range, and non-toxicity are among those unique properties. These solvents are also known as green solvents due to non-toxicity ...

In recent years there have been a number of important advances in the understanding of cellular mechanisms related to olfactory function. Hypotheses regarding the complex relationships among odorant structure, physiological activity and behavioral outcome generated by these findings, however, remain largely untested due to a paucity of psychophysical data on stimulus discrimination in the same ...

OBJECTIVES This study explores reactions to low-level chemical challenge, aiming at the development of test procedures for assessing individual sensitivity to smells and chemicals. METHODS Subjects with symptoms and neuropsychological test results compatible with toxic encephalopathy type 2A (TE-2A) and 2B (TE-2B) and unexposed referents (N=12 in each group) were challenged in an exposure cha...

A toxicology laboratory often receives a high number of samples from cases (autopsies or clinical) that may require the quick delivery trustworthy, accurate results. Thus, there is great need for fast and reliable method capable identifying determining large drugs abuse in biological matrices, especially blood. In present study, we describe development simple gas chromatography–mass spectrometr...

The antioxidant capacity, total anthocyanins, total phenolics, volatile compounds, and postharvest quality of strawberry fruit were evaluated after treatment with natural antimicrobial compounds and during storage at 7.5 ◦C. Strawberries treated with methyl jasmonate (MJ) in conjunction with ethanol (MJ-ETOH) showed higher antioxidant capacity, total phenolics, and anthocyanins than those treat...

OBJECTIVES This study was designed to evaluate exposure levels of various chemicals used in wafer fabrication product lines in the semiconductor industry where work-related leukemia has occurred. METHODS The research focused on 9 representative wafer fabrication bays among a total of 25 bays in a semiconductor product line. We monitored the chemical substances categorized as human carcinogens...

The suppression of inflammation in the joint structures of patients with rheumatoid arthritis by cortisone acetate administered systemically is well known. Hydrocortisone acetate, formerly known as Compound F acetate (17-hydroxycorticosterone-21-acetate), administered orally or intramuscularly, has recently been shown to have a similar suppressive effect upon this inflammation (Ward and others,...

The effect of the herbicides and aryloxy-phenoxy-propionic acid derivatives diclofop, fenoxaprop, fluazifop and haloxyfop and their ethyl, methyl or butyl esters on the de novo fatty-acid biosynthesis of isolated chloroplasts was investigated with intact chloroplasts isolated from sensitive grasses (Poaceae) and tolerant dicotyledonous plants (Pisum, Spinacia). The 4 herbicides (free-acid form)...

Short chain citronellyl esters were synthesized by a new microbial lipase from Rhizopus sp strain isolated and lipase produced at UNICAMP, Brazil. Direct esterification and transesterification reactions have been performed to produce citronellyl acetate and butyrate in a free-solvent system and with n-hexane in reaction medium. Reaction mixture for direct esterification and transesterification ...

1-Bromopinacolone, BrPin, acts initially as a reversible competitive inhibitor for acetylcholinesterase, KI = 0.18 mM in hydrolysis of acetylcholine. Unlike bromoacetone, with time it acts as an irreversible covalent inhibitor. BrPin has a hydrolytic half-life of 30 h at the pH of incubation, 7.8. The enzyme-BrPin complex is 50% inactivated in 2 h. First order kinetics are observed; the rate co...