The effects of calcium, cupric, ferrous and ferric ions on the formation of trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) were investigated using natural organic matter (NOM), small molecular weight NOM surrogates and natural water samples. The results showed that the effects were greatly dependent on the disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursor structure and molecular weight, and metal ions...

Assessment of nutrient variability, feed value, ensiling capability, intake, and digestibility of grocery food waste recycled from large retail stores was conducted in 3 experiments. In Exp. 1, 115 proximate nutrient analyses of grocery byproduct feed (GBP) from stores in the southern United States from April 8, 2011, to November 18, 2012, were evaluated for variation in nutrient concentration....

A modified true metabolizable energy bioassay was used to determine the nitrogen-corrected apparent (AMEn) and true (TMEn) metabolizable energy of various feed ingredients for ducks. In each of two experiments, which lasted 102 h with a 54-h excreta collection period following a 48-h period of feed withdrawal, six male White Pekin ducks were assigned to each of three test feed ingredients and d...