This study aimed to provide the performance, localization and expression of epithelial calcium transporter channels Calbindin-D28k (Calb) TRPV6, morphology digestive reproductive system laying quail under heat stress (HS), with methionine supplementation (MS). characterized positivity (immunohistochemistry) (real-time PCR) in kidneys, intestine uterus 504 quails different MS (100, 110 120%) tem...

The retrograde suppression of the synaptic transmission by the endocannabinoid sn-2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is mediated by the cannabinoid CB1 receptors and requires the elevation of intracellular Ca(2+) and the activation of specific 2-AG synthesizing (i.e., DAGLα) enzymes. However, the anatomical organization of the neuronal substrates that express 2-AG/CB1 signaling system-related molecu...

Chronic metabolic acidosis results in renal Ca2+ and Mg2+ wasting, whereas chronic metabolic alkalosis is known to exert the reverse effects. It was hypothesized that these adaptations are mediated at least in part by the renal Ca2+ and Mg2+ transport proteins. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the effect of systemic acid-base status on renal expression of the epithelial Ca2+ c...

Xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA) is a hereditary disorder characterized by cutaneous symptoms and progressive neurodegeneration. Since XPA patients exhibit peripheral neuropathy, neuronal deafness, rigidity, dysphagia, and laryngeal dystonia, it is indispensable for investigation of the neurodegeneration to analyze brainstem and basal ganglia lesions clinically and pathologically; we have pr...

The axons of dentate gyrus granule cells form synapses in the hilus. Ca(2+) signaling was investigated in the boutons of these axons using confocal fluorescence imaging. Boutons were loaded with various concentrations of the Ca(2+) indicator Oregon Green BAPTA-1 by patch-clamping the cell bodies and allowing the dye to diffuse into the axon. Resting free [Ca(2+)] started at 74 nm, rose to appro...

Increasing evidence suggests that substance P (SP) and its preferred receptor, namely the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1-R), play an important role in the modulation of stress-related, affective and/or anxious behaviours. Both SP and NK1-R are expressed in brain regions critically involved in stress, fear and affective responses such as the amygdala, hippocampus and frontal cortex. In this study we...

The exact distributions of the different salt transport systems along the human cortical distal nephron are unknown. Immunohistochemistry was performed on serial cryostat sections of healthy parts of tumor nephrectomized human kidneys to study the distributions in the distal convolution of the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC), the beta subunit of the amiloride-sensitive epithelial N...

Plasma calcium concentration is maintained within a narrow range (8.5-10.5 mg/dL) by the coordinated action of parathyroid hormone (PTH), 1,25(OH)2D3, calcitonin, and ionized calcium (iCa(2+)) itself. The kidney plays a key role in this process by the fine regulation of calcium excretion. More than 95% of filtered calcium is reabsorbed along the renal tubules. In the proximal tubules, 60% of fi...

The functional properties of AMPA-type glutamate receptors are determined by their subunit composition. We detected the expression of the AMPA receptor subunits (GluR1-GluR4) in neurons in the somatosensory cortex of adult rats by combining nonradioactive in situ hybridization using digoxigenin-labeled RNA probes of GluR1 and GluR2 with immunocytochemistry using specific antibodies against GluR...

Calcium buffers are important for shaping and localizing cytoplasmic Ca2+ transients in neurons. We measured the concentrations of the four main calcium-buffering proteins (calbindin-D28k, calretinin, parvalbumin-alpha, and parvalbumin-beta) in rat cochlear hair cells in which Ca2+ signaling is a central element of fast transduction and synaptic transmission. The proteins were quantified by cal...