Crystal structures are presented for two dihydrate polymorphs (DH-I and DH-II) of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug sodium (S)-naproxen. The structure of DH-I is determined from twinned single crystals obtained by solution crystallization. DH-II is obtained by solid-state routes, and its structure is derived using powder X-ray diffraction, solid-state (13)C and (23)Na MAS NMR, and molecu...

Surface crystallization of calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) on a series of polymeric surfaces was studied using a quartz microbalance system. Polyelectrolyte multilayer films (positively and negatively charged surfaces) were formed on the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors utilizing a layer-by-layer spin-assembly method. The kinetics of gypsum surface crystallization was quantified in ...

effluent from ro (reverse osmosis) systems during recovery gradually becomes concentrated and supersaturated with soluble salts such as calcium carbonate (caco3), calcium sulfate (caso4), barium sulfate (baso4) and silica (sio2). thus we were looking for procedures to prevent precipitation of soluble salts on the membrane surface and decrease membrane permeability. therefore, recovery could be ...

Background: A successful endodontic treatment is inseparable from the right choice of root canal dressing. The medicaments would result in patient satisfaction. Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) are usually found failed treatments. Calcium hydroxide a gold standard dressing that creates an alkaline environment has bactericidal effect. Commercially,...

introduction soil salinity is a major limiting factor in agricultural development within iran. nitrogen is the most important nutrient that its uptake is limited over other elements under saline conditions due to decrease in the permeability of plant roots, soil microbial activity and mineralization of organic compounds and nitrate uptake by high concentrations of chloride anions in the root zo...

The polyelectrolyte nature of chondroitin sulfate and related polysaccharides suggests they may bind cations. Since chondroitin sulfate is an extracellular component of mammalian connective tissue, the binding properties of this polyelectrolyte for cations may be of significance in the distribution and storage of extracellular cations. In disease states in which sodium is known to play a major ...