Withholding gonadotrophin administration (coasting) may prevent severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). To ascertain the effectiveness of this protection a cohort of 252 consecutive in-vitro fertilization (IVF) or IVF with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles was studied. Twenty women with exaggerated response were treated with coasting. Despite coasting, four patients develo...

Ferrand et al's recent study of withholding and withdrawing life support in intensive care units in France reminds us that reporting end-of-life practices is an important step towards enhancing end-of-life care. The study highlights differences between the paternalistic approach to decision making in Europe, and the patient autonomy model in the USA. However, the reasons intensivists report for...

End-of-life decisions that focus on withholding or withdrawing nutrition and/or hydration present difficult choices at particularly vulnerable times for patients and families. Clinical ethics studies published in the last twenty years provide insight about the decision making process that can be useful to all parties involved. The purpose of the systematic research review is to synthesize empir...

Although feedback engagement is important for learning, students often do not engage with provided to inform future assignments. One factor low uptake the easy access grades. Thus, systematically delaying grade release in favor of providing first— temporary mark withholding—may increase students’ feedback. We tested hypothesis that withholding would have positive effects on (a) academic perform...

OBJECTIVES To compare non-treatment decision making by general practitioners and geriatricians in response to vignettes. To see whether the doctors' decisions were informed by ethical or legal reasoning. DESIGN Qualitative study in which consultant geriatricians and general practitioners (GPs) randomly selected from a list of local practitioners were interviewed. The doctors were asked whethe...