inscriptions in calligraphy, hard stone carving and rock reliefs have a long tradition in iranian art. although from the pre-islamic times many important samples of three dimensional sculptures have been found in iran, during the islamic era, because of the religious edicts and beliefs, that they had the sculpting prohibited, the art of sculpture couldn’t be developed in the way of pre-islamic ...

At the turn of the century scholars of Egyptian art were startled by the appearance of life-size portrait heads in excavations at Gizeh, the site of a large necropolis of the Old Kingdom. Until their discovery it was considered an almost invariable rule that private sculpture of the period represented types, not individuals. The Sheikh el Beled and several other representations of individuals w...

abstract reliefs are one the most important archaeological evidences to elucidate vague facts of previous cultures. this tradition has a long history in iran`s culture that revitalized in qajarians in different parts of iran, there are forty seven reliefs with engraved decoration in stone collection of taq-i-bustan, too. so far, no report or newsletter about qajarian reliefs in taq-i-bustan col...

In exploring the evolution of Iranian architecture from prototypes to the present day, Qajar architecture is an important part of Iranian architecture history. The importance of this era's architecture is because large changes in conceptual and physical context occurred slowly in Iranian architecture during this time. These changes, especially from the Nasserian period (the second Qajar era), h...

Abstract. Based on the basic judgment that commercial buildings have a high demand for traffic accessibility, this study analyses integration degree and selectivity of streets alleys in spatial syntax. It superimposes different drawing forms along whole map Qianlong capital. Determine public attributes may correspond to four architectural street during Dynasty Qianmen area Beijing, then analyse...

Attributing the coins of the Eastern Gangas is a difficult task because the coins do not name the ruler, but only are dated in what are thought to be regnal years. Many authors in the past have tended to attribute the coins to the most prominent king of the dynasty, Anantavarman Chodaganga (1078-1147) (hereafter AC), but without any real justification. 2 In a recent paper, I proposed a method o...