B iomarkers are clinical, molecular, or image-based measurable parameters that can characterize an individual’s specific biological state, whether normal, pathological, or in response to treatment. A biomarker is considered of clinically valuable if (1) it can be measured repeatedly with accuracy and relatively rapid clinical turnaround, (2) it provides unique, superior information on patient s...

Objective To compare the reported effect sizes of cardiovascular biomarkers in datasets from observational studies with those in datasets from randomised controlled trials. Design Review of meta-analyses. Study selectionMeta-analyses of emerging cardiovascular biomarkers (not part of the Framingham risk score) that included datasets from at least one observational study and at least one randomi...

microRNAs (miRNAs) are powerful regulators of posttranscriptional gene expression and play an important role in pathophysiological processes. Circulating miRNAs can be quantified in body liquids and are promising biomarkers in numerous diseases. In cardiovascular disease miRNAs have been proven to be reliable diagnostic biomarkers for different disease entities. In cardiac fibrosis (CF) and hea...

OBJECTIVE To compare the reported effect sizes of cardiovascular biomarkers in datasets from observational studies with those in datasets from randomised controlled trials. DESIGN Review of meta-analyses. STUDY SELECTION Meta-analyses of emerging cardiovascular biomarkers (not part of the Framingham risk score) that included datasets from at least one observational study and at least one ra...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem. The classification of CKD by KDOQI and KDIGO and the routine eGFR reporting have resulted in increased identification of CKD. It is important to be able to identify those at high risk of CKD progression and its associated cardiovascular disease (CVD). Proteinuria is the most sensitive marker of CKD progression in clinical practice, ...

BACKGROUND In recent years, research on psoriasis has focused on the identification of biomarkers for the diagnosis, pathogenesis, prognosis, or therapeutic response of the disease. These studies could provide insights into the susceptibility and natural history of psoriasis. The identification of biomarkers related to comorbidities in psoriasis, such as arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and t...

Traditionally, biomarkers have been of interest in sports in order to measure performance, progress in training and for identifying overtraining. During the last years, growing interest is set on biomarkers aiming at evaluating health-related aspects which can be modulated by regular physical activity and sport. The value or concentration of a biomarker depends on many factors, as the training ...

BACKGROUND As heart failure (HF)-associated morbidity and mortality continue to escalate, enhanced focus on prevention is increasingly important. "Malignant" left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH): LVH combined with an elevated cardiac biomarker reflecting either injury (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T), or strain (amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) has predicted accelerated pr...

BACKGROUND Emerging evidence from general population studies suggests that lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adults are more likely to experience adverse cardiovascular outcomes relative to heterosexuals. No studies have examined whether sexual orientation disparities exist in biomarkers of early cardiovascular disease risk. PURPOSE To determine whether sexual orientation disparities in biomar...