BACKGROUND Increasingly nutritional experts express the necessity of research on dietary patterns to identify numerous modifiable risk factors of disease. This study was conducted to identify major dietary patterns among adolescent girls in Talaat intelligent guidance school, Tabriz, Iran. METHODS Among 257 adolescent girls aged 11-15 years, usual dietary intakes were assessed using a 162-ite...

Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive microorganism responsible for one of the most serious food-borne diseases in the world, listeriosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the combined effect of a heat pretreatment with the use of antimicrobials, nisin and carvacrol, on the growth of L. monocytogenes, and their potential uses as food preservatives. Carvacrol showed a dose-dependent inhi...

Cassava brown leaf spot surveys were conducted in the main cassava plantation areas of China between 2007 and 2012 in order to understand the distribution of the disease. Cassava plants were damaged by the disease to different degrees in most of the survey sites. Samples were collected and seven strains were isolated from lesions. The mycelium-breaking plus black light induction method was appl...

The formation of chlamydospores of Phytophthora parsiana, a newly described high temperature tolerant pathogen of woody plants, were investigated in culture media and in infected roots of susceptible host plants. Different solid agar media and cleared V-8 juice broth were inoculated with different isolates of P. parsiana and incubated for four days at room temperature before they were transferr...

'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' (Lso) is a phloem-limited bacterium that severely affects important Solanaceae and Apiaceae crops, including potato, tomato, pepper, tobacco, carrot and celery. This bacterium is transmitted to solanaceous species by potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, and to Apiaceae by carrot psyllids, including Trioza apicalis and Bactericera trigonica. Five haploty...

Carrot purple leaf disease was first reported in 2006 in the state of Washington and was associated with Spiroplasma citri. The disease also was reported in California in 2008. The objectives of this work were to fulfill Koch's postulates and to determine 1) whether the beet leafhopper, Circulifer tenellus (Baker) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), transmits carrot [Daucus carota L. subsp. Sativus (Hof...

the formation of chlamydospores of phytophthora parsiana, a newly described high temperature tolerant pathogen of woody plants, were investigated in culture media and in infected roots of susceptible host plants. different solid agar media and cleared v-8 juice broth were inoculated with different isolates of p. parsiana and incubated for four days at room temperature before they were transferr...