The commercial application of cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) suffers from catalyst deactivation. One the main deactivation mechanisms under industrial conditions is sintering. In this work, we explored role manganese oxide as a structural promoter against sintering in carbon nanofiber supported cobalt model catalyst. We employed situ Mössbauer emission spectroscopy to study gas fu...

the effects of confinement in carbon nanotubes on fischer-tropsch (ft) activity, selectivity and lifetime of carbon nanotubes (cnts) supported iron catalysts are reported. a method was developed to control the position of the catalytic sites on either inner or outer surface of carbon nanotubes. tem analyses revealed that more than 80% of iron oxide particles can be controlled to be positioned a...

The enzymatic synthesis of organic compounds in continuous bioreactors is an efficient way to obtain industrially important chemicals. However, few works have focused on the study of the operational conditions and the bioprocess performance. In this work, the aliphatic ester pentyl octanoate was obtained by direct esterification using a continuous packed bed bioreactor containing the immobilize...

The homogenous, [IrCp∗I2]2, SCRAM catalyst (1) is active in the racemization of chiral amines. NMR, kinetic and structural mechanistic studies have determined cause deactivation to occur when ammonia or methylamine are liberated by hydrolysis aminolysis intermediate imine, which tightly coordinate iridium centre block turnover. Control moisture substrate concentration can suppress deactivation,...

Acetylene hydrochlorination is a major industrial technology for manufacturing vinyl chloride monomer in regions with abundant coal resources; however, it is plagued by the use of mercury(II) chloride catalyst. The development of a nonmercury catalyst has been extensively explored. Herein, we report a N-doped carbon catalyst derived from ZIF-8 with both high activity and quite good stability. T...

The olefins polymerization process in a slurry reactor is discussed. The reaction rate dynamics was analyzed and the contributions of feed flow, gas-liquid mass transfer, polymerization reaction, and catalyst deactivation were estimated. The propylene solubility in a solvent mixture “heptane” was calculated using Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state. These data were then approximated by Henry-...

Na promoted Pt/TiO2 catalysts have been studied under high severity, near equilibrium, conditions for use as a single stage WGS catalyst. Addition of 3 wt% Na to a 1 wt% Pt/TiO2 catalyst has been found to improve water gas shift activity significantly compared to Pt/TiO2, Pt/CeO2, and Pt–Re/TiO2 catalysts. This catalyst is stable when the reaction temperature is higher than 250 C. Deactivation ...

Formation of adamantane hydrocarbons and their confinement in SAPO-34 caused the long induction period and the quick catalyst deactivation in methanol conversion. Via ship-in-a-bottle synthesis, adamantane and methyladamantanes could be produced from methanol conversion in the cage of 8-ring SAPO catalysts under very mild reaction conditions.

The structure-activity relations in the alumina-supported cobalt catalysts are studied at the realistic conditions of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis using in situ time-resolved XRD and catalytic measurements. Cobalt sintering during the first 3-5 h of the reaction and cobalt carbidisation at a longer time on stream (>8 h) coincide with catalyst deactivation.