The modes of deactivation -and the extent to which their properties can be restored- two catalyst bodies used in cascade for bio-oil synthesis have been studied. These catalysts include a solid acid granulate (namely ZrO2/desilicated zeolite ZSM-5/attapulgite clay) employed ex-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis biomass, and base extrudate (K-exchanged USY/attapulgite subsequent upgrading. Post-morte...

Research results concerning the photocatalytic activity and selectivity of benzene are discussed. This compound, which represents one of an important class of volatile organic compounds found in indoor air, was oxidized in an annular photocatalytic reactor featuring a thin film of titanium dioxide and illuminated by a fluorescent black light. The gas phase products, carbon dioxide and carbon mo...

Biodiesel, produced by the transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fats with methanol, is a promising alternative diesel fuel. In this study, a series of strong base anion resins with different basicity, pore structure, degree of cross-linking, and particle size were investigated as heterogeneous catalysts for the transesterification of soybean oil with methanol. A trace amount of CH3ON...

The aim of this study is to obtain a model that can simulate the performance of an industrial Fluidised Catalytic Cracking (FCC) unit in steady and dynamic state, and which will subsequently be used in studies of control and real time optimisation. In this paper, a dynamic model for a R2R type FCC unit is presented. The model includes the riser, the stripper/disengager, the regeneration system ...

2-Alkyl cycloketones are essential chemicals and intermediates for synthetic perfumes pesticides, which conventionally produced by multistep process including aldol condensation, separation hydrogenation. In present work, a batch one-pot cascade approach using aldehydes as the raw materials, bifunctional Pd/ZrO2 catalyst was developed synthesis of 2-alkyl cycloketones, e.g., cyclohexanone cyclo...

Direct sulfonation of methane with SO3 to methanesulfonic acid (MSA) and methylbisulfate was investigated in sulfuric acid using Hg(I), Hg(II), and Rh(III)-salts as catalysts. O2 was found to be an important component for the regeneration of the catalyst. The effects of O2 pressure, temperature, SO3 concentration, methane pressure, and catalyst concentration were examined on the rates of SO3 co...