The Ag receptors on CD8+ CTL recognize foreign antigenic peptides associated with cell surface MHC class I molecules. Peptides derived from self proteins are also normally presented by MHC class I molecules. Here we report that an H-2Kd-restricted murine CD8+ CTL clone directed to an influenza hemagglutinin epitope can recognize a peptide derived from the murine mitochondrial aconitase enzyme i...

In the last decades a variety of melanoma antigens [2] have been characterized. Most of them are recognized by the immune system in form of peptides presented in the groove of the HLA class I molecule. The clinical application of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes expanded in vitro in the presence of interleukin (IL)-2 has resulted in an elimination of even large tumor volumes [3]. Although the exa...

Different vaccine approaches cope with HIV-1 diversity, ranging from centralized(1-4) to variability-encompassing(5-7) antigens. For all these strategies, a concern remains: how does HIV-1 diversity impact epitope recognition by the immune system? We studied the relationship between HIV-1 diversity and CD8(+) T Lymphocytes (CTL) targeting of HIV-1 subtype B Nef using 944 peptides (10-mers overl...

Adaptive immunity exists in all vertebrates and plays a defense role against microbial pathogens and tumors. T cell responses begin when precursor T cells recognize antigen on specialized antigen-presenting cells and differentiate into effector cells. Currently, dendritic cells are considered the only cells capable of stimulating T lymphocytes. Here, we show that mature naïve B lymphocytes can ...

In this paper we extend the Celada-Seiden (CS) model of the humoral immune response to include infectious virus and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (cellular response). The response of the system to virus involves a competition between the ability of the virus to kill the host cells and the host’s ability to eliminate the virus. We find two basins of attraction in the dynamics of this system, one is id...

We report here that the expression of the transcription factor T-bet, which is known to be required for effector cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTL) generation and effector memory cell formation, is regulated in CTL by microRNA-155 (miR-155). Importantly, we show that the proliferative effect of miR-155 on CD8+ T cells is mediated by T-bet. T-bet levels in CTL were controlled in vivo by miR-155 ...

The existence of four subpopulations in resting porcine T lymphocytes is documented. In addition to the two known subpopulations which are typified by a mutually exclusive expression of either the CD8 or the CD4 differentiation antigen, CD4-CD8+ and CD4+CD8- T lymphocytes, respectively, two unusual subpopulations were prominent not only in peripheral blood, but also in lymphoid tissues: CD4-CD8...

To investigate whether autoantibodies against CD4-positive lymphocytes might induce helper dysfunction, autoantibody formation and T-cell function was examined simultaneously in 61 hemophilia patients. Twenty patients were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative, 26 HIV-positive stage CDC II or 111, and 15 were HIV-positive stage CDC IV. T lymphocytes, CD4-positive, or CD8-positive T subset...

BACKGROUND For resource-poor countries, affordable methods are required for enumeration of CD4(+) T lymphocytes of HIV-positive patients. For infants, additional determination of CD4/CD8 ratio is needed. METHODS We determine the CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes as the CD3(+)CD4(+) and CD3(+)CD8(+) population of blood cells. Target cells are CD3-immunomagnetically separated from the whole blood...